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-Sicknesses were caused by evil spirits and demons, it was also a punishment from Gods
-In ceremonies the tribal witch doctor would treat the illnesses.
-The used plants and herbs as medicine, some of them we morphine and digitalis
-A common surgery was trepanation, which was removing a chunk out of there skull.
-They normally lived for about 20 years. -
-The priests were there physicians
-They did bloodletting and leeches as medical treatment, they thought it would drain out the sickness
-They lived for about 20-30 years
-Pharmacopoeia was a book used to find out the compounds of medicine -
-They believed that they needed to treat the whole body by curing the spirit and nourishing the body
-They used pharmacopoeia and acupuncture as treatment
-They started to look for medicals reasons of sickness instead of blaming evil spirits
-They believed in Qi, which was something that is in the body, and an imbalance in that cause sickness and disease.
-They normally lived for 20-30 years -
-Hippocrates was known as the Father of Medicine
-He led us to modern medicine by observing the human body and the effects of disease
-Believed natural causes caused diseases
-Massage Therapy, art therapy, and herbal treatment
-To prevent diseases they had strict diets, hygiene, and exercise
-They lived for about 25-35 years -
-They provided care for the injured soldiers, which was the first organized medical care
-Used monasteries for the hospitals
-Built aqueducts and sewers, which was the first sanitation system for hospitals
-Blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile were what they believed to be the four body humors
-They used a plant called poppy to kill pain
-They lived for about 25-35 years -
-Study of medicine was prohibited
-To treat illnesses and diseases they prayed and had divine intervention
-Monks and priests provided the care for the sick
-No understanding of the causes of illnesses and disease
-Used herbal mixtures as medicines
-They lived for about 20-30 years -
-They used the medical practices of the Greek and Romans
-In 1100, they began to require medical licenses
-Bubonic Plague killed 75% of Europe and Asia
-They made universities to get into the practice of medicine
-They lived for about 20-35 years -
-It was the rebirth of Science of Medicine
-Started understanding anatomy and physiology because of body dissection and examination
-In 1440, they invented the printing press so medical knowledge could be shared
-Andreas Vesalius published the first anatomy book
-Still did not know the cause of disease
-They lived for about 30-40 years -
-They learned way more knowledge of the human body
-A French surgeon Ambroise Pare established ligature, or stitching the wounds back together
-Apothecaries were pharmacist that would prescribe medicines to the ill
-In 1670 they invented the microscope which led to the discovery of a lot of new things
-Still did not know the cause of disease so many still died for infection
-They lived for about 35-45 years -
-The first mercury thermometer was created by Gabriel Fahrenheit
-Benjamin Franklin created the bifocals
-John Hunter introduced tube feeding and scientific surgical procedures
-In 1798 the smallpox vaccine was discovered
-They lived for about 40-50 years -
-A lot more advanced in medicine because of the discovery of vaccines, microorganism, and anesthesia
-In 1816 they invented the stethoscope
-In 1860 they started formal for women to be nurses
-In 1893 there was the first open heart surgery
-In 1898 x-ray machines were developed -
-Discovered how white blood cells fight against diseases
-Insulin found, and used to fight diabetes
-Penicillin to fight against infections
-Developed heart lung machine and kidney dialysis machine
-Gene therapy began after they found the structure of DNA
-Transplant for heart, artificial heart, kidney, liver, and bone marrow
-Targeted cancer therapy
-About 16 vaccines found
-Smoke free laws to reduced 2nd hand smoking -
-The first totally implantable heart was used in surgery
Mapped out human diseases to try to understand genetic and autoimmune diseases
-They started to do face transplant
-Vaccines for Ebola, HPV, and Malaria
-Stem cell research
-Life expecting in getting higher and higher