History Of Medicine- Caylee

By csilva23
  • 4000 BCE

    Primitive Times

    Tribal witch doctors would perform ceremonies. Believed sickness was caused by the gods or evil spirits. The average life span was 20 years.
  • 3000 BCE

    Ancient Egyptians

    Physicians were priests. Leeches were used as medical treatment. The average life span was 20-30 years
  • 1700 BCE

    Ancient Chinese

    Began the search for medical reasons behind the illness. Believed in the need to treat the whole body by curing the spirit and nourishing the body. Used acupuncture for treatment. The average life span of 20-30 years.
  • 1200 BCE

    Ancient Greeks

    Time of Hippocrates.Used therapies such as massage, art therapy, and herbal treatment. Life span of 25-35 years.
  • 753 BCE

    Ancient Romans

    First to establish medical care. Galen established the belief that the body was regulated by four body humors; blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. The life span was 25-35 years.
  • 400

    Dark Ages

    Prayer and divine intervention were used to treat illness & disease. Monks and priests provided care for sick people. Medication was an herbal mixture. The life span was 20-30 years.
  • 800

    Middle Ages

    1100: Arabs began requiring physicians to pass examinations and obtain licenses
    1346-1353: Bubonic Plague killed 75% of the population in Europe and Asia
    1220-1255: Medical Universities were established
    The average life span was 20-35 years
  • 1350

    Renaissance

    Rebirth of the science of medicine.
    1440: The invention of the printing press allowed medical knowledge to be shared
    1543: First anatomy book was published by Andreas Vesalius (1514-1564)
    The average life span was 30-40 years
  • 1500

    16th and 17th Centuries

    1500’s: Ambroise Pare, a French surgeon, known as the Father of Modern Surgery established use of ligatures to stop bleeding
    1600’s: Apothecaries (early pharmacists) made, prescribed, and sold medications
    1670: Invention of the microscope
    Allowed physicians to see disease-causing organisms.
    HUGE advancement
    Cause of disease still not known
    The average life span was 35-45 years.

  • 18th Century

    1714: Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736) created the first mercury thermometer
    1760: Benjamin Franklin invented bifocals
    1778: John Hunter established scientific surgical procedures and introduced tube feeding
    1798: Smallpox vaccine discovered
    Average life span of 40-50 years

  • 19th Century

    1895: X-Ray Machine Developed
    1893: First Open Heart Surgery
    Infection control developed once microorganisms were associated with disease
    1816: Invention of the stethoscope
    1860: Formal training for nurses began
    Women became active participants in health care
    Average life span 40-60 years
    Rapid advancements in medicinal science.

  • 20th Century

    1901: ABO blood groups discovered
    Found out how white blood cells protect against disease
    New medications were developed
    1922: Insulin discovered and used to treat diabetes
    1928: Antibiotics developed to fight infections (penicillin)
    1943: Kidney Dialysis Machine
    1953: Heart Lung Machine
    1953: Structure of DNA discovered and research in gene therapy begins
    1956: First Bone Marrow Transplant
    Initiated Embryonic Stem Cell Research
    1978: Test tube babies
    Organ Transplants

  • 21st Century

    Vaccines are made for multiple diseases.
    1910: Laparoscopic Surgery
    1970’s: Targeted Cancer Therapies
    1990: Smoke-Free Laws
    1996: Advances in HIV Medication
    1999: Rapid advances in Stem Cell Research
    2001: The first totally implantable artificial heart was placed in a patient in Louisville, Ky. In
    2003: Human Genome Project Completed
    2005: Face Transplants