History of Healthcare Whitney

  • Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE

    Early beginnings

  • 3900 BCE

    Diseases Caused By

    Diseases are caused by evil spirits
  • 3600 BCE

    Treatments for the sick

    Tribal doctors would remove part of the cranium to exorcise demons
  • Medicines used today
    3100 BCE

    Medicines used today

    Digitalis used the the heart
    Quinine used for fevers, muscle spasms, and malaria
    Belladonna used for GI pain
    Morphine used for severe pain
  • Period: 2999 BCE to 399

    Ancient times

  • 2900 BCE

    Health records

    The ancient Egyptians were the first to keep accurate health records
  • 2900 BCE

    Who are physicians

    Physicians studied illnesses and found out how they were caused
  • 2900 BCE

    How did they heal

    The Romans created organized medical care, they created hospitals
  • 1900 BCE

    Ancient Chinese

  • 1900 BCE

    Development of Acupuncture

    They used stone tools to treat diseases
  • 900 BCE

    Ancient Greeks

  • 900 BCE

    Illness cause Nature vs. Spiritual

    They discovered diseases were caused by lack of sanitation
  • 900 BCE

    Dissection

    Religious customs forbade dissections
  • Hippocrates
    900 BCE

    Hippocrates

    He wrote the standard of ethics
  • 100

    Ancient Romans

  • 100

    Sanitation systems

    They kept the sick separate
  • 100

    Organize medical care

    Physicians came with armies and medical equipment
  • 100

    Hospital development

    Public buildings for the sick were established
  • Period: 400 to 800

    Dark age

  • 500

    Stopped studying of medicine

    The Church believed life and death to be in God’s hands
  • 700

    How did they treat diseases

    They mostly prayed and used herbal mixtures
  • Period: 800 to 1400

    Middle age

  • Epidemics
    1100

    Epidemics

    The Bubonic plague killed 60 million people
  • Period: 1350 to

    Renaissance

  • 1450

    Rebirth of learning

  • 1450

    Universities

    They built schools for research
  • 1450

    Dissection

    Dissection was accepted
  • Books
    1450

    Books

    The printing press was invented allowing greater access to knowledge
  • Period: 1501 to

    16th and 17th centuries

  • 1515

    Leonardo da Vinci

    He studied and recorded the anatomy of humans
  • 1550

    Gabrielle Fallopius

    He discovered the fallopian tubes
  • 1563

    Bartolommeo Eustachio

    Discovered the Eustachian tube
  • William Harvey

    He described the heart pumping and blood circulation
  • Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

    He invented the microscope
  • Apothecaries

    Apothecaries

    Early pharmacies that traded drugs and spices
  • Period: to

    18th century

  • Benjamin Franklin

    He discovered bifocals and colds could be contagious
  • Medical students learning

    They attended lectures, observed patients and dissected bodies
  • Joseph Priestly

    Discovered oxygen
  • Edward Jenner

    Edward Jenner

    Discovered the method for the smallpox vaccine
  • Rene Laënnec

    Rene Laënnec

    Invented the stethoscope
  • Period: to

    19th and 20th centuries

  • Ignaz Semmelweis

    Identified the cause of puerperal fever
  • Florence Nightingale

    She was the founder of modern nursing
  • Louis Pasteur

    Discovered microorganisms and heating milk killed germs
  • Dmitri Ivanovski

    Discovered viruses
  • Joseph Lister

    First to use antiseptic during surgery
  • Ernst von Bergmann

    Kept wounds germ free during and after surgery
  • Robert Koch

    Developed the culture plate
  • Paul Ehrlich

    Brought about the use of chemicals to kill germs
  • Wilhelm Roentgen

    Discovered X-ray
  • Anesthesia

    Used to put patients in a deep sleep
  • Sir Alexander Fleming

    Sir Alexander Fleming

    Discovered penicillin
  • Sigmund Freud

    Studied the conscious and unconscious mind
  • Gerhard Domagk

    Discovered sulfonamide compounds
  • Jonas Salk

    Discovered that a dead polio virus would cause immunity
  • Albert Sabin

    Discovered that a live polio virus was more effective
  • Francis Crick and James Watson

    Discovered the molecular structure of DNA and how it replicates
  • Christian Barnard

    Christian Barnard

    Performed the first successful heart transplant
  • Ben Carson

    He performs hemispherectomies
  • Period: to

    21st century

  • A pill with a camera

    A pill with a camera

    It can obtain high quality images in limited spaces. It’s used to detect signs of esophageal cancer
  • The human genome

    All 23,000 genes in the human genome have been mapped
  • Targeted cancer therapies

    It specifically targets cancer and cells and the blood supply that feeds it
  • The iLIMB Bionic Arm

    The bionic arm contains five individually mechanized fingers
  • Robot surgery

    These new surgery’s are minimally invasive, have faster healing times and are less painful