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Disease was generally believed to be caused by supernatural spirits. -
They would treat the sick with herbs medicines, and plants. -
-Digitals come from the foxglove plant. Today it is given in pill form or can be given by injection to treat heart conditions.
-Quinine come from the bark of cinchona trees. It controls fever, muscle spasms and prevents malaria.
-Belladonna and atrophied re made from the poisonous nightshade plant. They relieve muscle spasms and GI pain.
-Morphine is made from the opium poppy. It treats severe pain and is addictive. -
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-They were the first to keep accurate health records.
- They were very superstitious and called on the gods to heal them. But mainly the priest acted as physicians
- They used leeches to drain blood -
- The Chinese were the first to use primitive acupuncture. They learned to treat disease with stone tools.
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- The Greeks determined that illnesses were natural and not spiritual
- They did not allow bodies to be dissected
- Hippocrates was considered the father of medicine. He kept records of diseases and sicknesses and determined that illnesses were not spiritual but natural
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- They wore a mask filled with spice to protect themselves from infection
- they were the first to have organized medical care, they sent physicians and medical equipment to their armies
- They were one of the first to build hospitals for their ill
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- They stopped the study of medical science and only practiced in convents and monasteries, because they believe that life and death was in gods hands
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- They treated disease by prayer and medication was considered custodial
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Epidemics cause millions of deaths. Physicians have created vaccines for these epidemics. -
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- They built universities and schools for research.
- They accepted dissection of the body for study
- They used the printing press to make books to study more
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- He studied and recorded
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- He discovered the Fallopian tubes
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- Discovered Eustachian tube
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- He used his knowledge to understand physiology. And was able to describe the circulation of blood and the pumping of the heart.
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- Invented the microscope, establishing that there’s smaller life. He also discovered bacteria’s.
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- He started pharmacies for medicines
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- discovered bifocals and found that colds could be passed from person to person.
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- Students would go to lectures and laboratories, but would also attended patients bedside
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- He discovered the element of oxygen, and also observed plants that use fresh air making it useable for presperastion
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- Discovered a vaccine for smallpox
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- Invented the stethoscope. The first one was made of wood. It increased the ability to hear the heart.
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-He discovered and researched the cause of childbed fever. He made hand washing an important practice for physicians. -
- Was the founder of modern nursing for women and helped women study in the field of nursing.
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- Was known as the father of microbiology. Discovered that there was tiny microorganisms everywhere. He created a vaccine for rabies in 1885
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- He developed asepsis. He studied infections from wounds and such. Developed a wat to keep a germ free area for surgeries.
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- He discovered many disease causing organisms. Also devolved the culture plate method. Introduced the importance of cleanliness
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- He discovered X-Rays in 1895. This allowed doctors to look on the inside of the body without actually opening the body up.
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- Before the 19th century people did surgeries without any drug. Anesthesia puts people into a deep sleep to stop pain.
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- Found that penicillin killed life threatening bacteria. This was considered one of the most important discoveries in the 20th century
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- Studied the conscious and unconscious parts of the mind. He determined that the mind and body do work together. This led to discoveries and understanding of physocomatic illnesses
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- Discovered sulfonamide compounds. These were the first medications given to people.
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- discovered that a dead polio virus would cause immunity to poliomyelitis. This virus paralyzed several thousands of people.
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- Used a live virus against polio. The vaccine is used to immunize babies.
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- They discovered the molecular construction of DNA.
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- Performed the first successful heart transplant
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- Performed hemispherectomies surgeries
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- Human Genome project
- Stem cell research
- HIV “Cocktail”
- Targeted cancer therapies
- Laparoscopic surgery