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Period: 4000 BCE to 3000 BCE
Early beginnings
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3900 BCE
Cause of disease
Disease was caused by dark spirits/supernatural spirits -
3600 BCE
Treatments for the sick
-used medicine
-splinting fractures
-believed that the gods would heal them
-bloodletting with leaches
-acupuncture
Treating with stone tools
-using sanitary options
-medical equipment -
3100 BCE
Medicine used today
Digitalis, Quinine, Morphine, belladonna and atropine -
Period: 2999 BCE to 399 BCE
Ancient times
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2900 BCE
Ancient Egyptians
Health records
-Egyptians were the on of the first people to keep health records Who are physician?
-Priest acted as physicians How did they heal?
-used medicine
-splinting fractures
-believed that the gods would heal them
-bloodletting with leaches -
1900 BCE
Ancient Chinese
-used acupuncture
- treatment with stone tools -
900 BCE
Ancient Greeks
-illness cause nature vs. spiritual
-Dissection
-Hippocrates -
100
Ancient Romans
-sanitation systems
-organize medical care
-hospital development -
Period: 400 to 800
Dark Age
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500
Medicine/treatments stopped and treatments
During the dark ages medicine and treatments where only practiced in convents and monasteries due to the church believing that life and death was in gods hands.
-they treated people simply by praying -
Period: 800 to 1400
Middle Age
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1100
Epidemics
During this time range there was a terrible epidemic called the bionic plague or the Black Death.
-killed 60 million people
Some other big plagues: smallpox, diphtheria, syphilis and tuberculosis.
Today we have vaccines to prevent these epidemics -
Period: 1350 to
Renaissance
-
1450
Rebirth of Heath care
-built universities
- the realization that sickness doesn’t come from spirts/gods
-print/books
-dissection -
1515
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo da Vinci studied the human body and recorded the human body -
1550
Gabriele Fallopius
Found the Fallopian tubes -
1563
Bartolommeo Eustachio
Found the tube that leads from the ear and to the throat -
William Harvey
William Harvey used his knowledge to find out how the circulation of blood and the pumping of a persons heart -
Antoine von Leeuwenhoek
-invented the microscope
-realized that germs were now visible -
Apothecaries
-early pharmacy’s
-trade of drugs and spices -
Period: to
18th century
-
Benjamin Franklin
Discovered:
-bifocals
-Colds could be passed on to person to person -
Medical students/learning
-observe patients (dead and alive)
- observed the cause of death and disease process
-better understanding of illness and death -
Joseph Priestley
-discovered oxygen
-the creation of respiration -
Edward Jenner
-a method of vaccination for smallpox
-saved millions from smallpox
-immunization -
Rene Laënnec
-invented the stethoscope(made of wood)
- increased the ability to hear the heart -
Period: to
19th and 20th centruries
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Ignaz Semmelweis
-identified the cause of puerperal fever
- realized cleanliness and sanitation is a standard practice in health care -
Florence Nightingale
- was one of the first female nurse because nursing wasn’t a “woman’s job” and she helped cure illnesses for war soldiers.
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Louis Pasteur
-discovered Microbiology/microorganisms cause illness
-heating milk prevented the growth of bacteria
-created a vaccine for rabies -
Dmitri Ivanoviski
Discovered that disease can be caused by microorganisms that are too small to see in a microscope (viruses) -
Joseph Lister
-carbolic acid to heal wounds/kill germs
-used antiseptic to prevent infections in surgery -
Ernst con Bergmann
-developed asepsis (sterile condition) -
Robert Koch
-discovered disease causing organisms
-culture plate method (to identify bacteria)
-importance of cleanliness and sanitation -
Paul Ehrlich
-discovered how medicine worked to kill of microorganisms
-use of chemicals
-after 606 experiments he found the cure to syphilis -
Wilhelm Roentgen
-discovered x-rays
-now able to see inside a patients body and what is wrong with them -
Anesthesia
-most patients had to deal with the pain of surgery/sickness before anesthesia
-they used herbs, hashish, alcohol and choking to ease pain
-many passed from shock and pain
-chloroform and nitrous oxide was created(helped put patients to sleep) -
Sir Alexander Fleming
-discovered penicillin that would kill bacteria, before penicillin people died of illness that we don’t find as threatening today -
Sigmund Freud
-discovered that there was conscious and unconscious
-the mind and body work together
-psychosomatic illness -
Gerhard Domagk
-discovered sulfonamide which was one of the first medicine that was effective in killing diseases -
Jonas Salk
-created the vaccine for poliomyelitis by finding out that dead polio viruses care actually cure poliomyelitis -
Albert Sabin
- used a live polio virus vaccine which worked better than Jonas Salk’s previous vaccine
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Francis Crick and James Watson
- Discovered the structure of DNA and how DNA is hereditary -helped the creation of molecular biology
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Christian Barnard
-first successful heart transplant -
Ben Carson
- preforms surgery on Siamese twins by separating and also hemispherectomies which helps stop seizures
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Period: to
21 century
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Bubble CPAP
Is a non-invasive ventilation strategy for newborns with infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) and it helps newborns life/breathe on their own -
New medicine for migraines
The medicine called CGRP inhibitors help relive migraines
It is a small protein released by the triennial never during a migraine -
Smartphone-connected Pacemakers Devices
-pacemakers forces the heart to plump blood and with the smart phone connected people can tell what is happening with it and provides information about their heart and how it pumps and also contains all of their hearts history -
Universal hepatitis C treatment
Although there was already a treatment for hepatitis, Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir is a fixed dose medication and is the approved as the most applicable treatment for hepatitis -
Data Driven Healthcare
Most patients now can access their medical records and their data and it is a lot easier to access it than it being written down in a book/binder