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On July 16, 622, when a plot to assassinate Muhammad was discovered, Muhammad and his followers escaped during the night and fled to Medina, an event known as the Hijra.
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Muhammad dies
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Ali the fourth caliph in Islam is assassinated
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The Abbasid caliphate was founded by the descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's youngest uncle, ‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib, in Harran in 750 CE and shifted its capital in 762 to Baghdad. It flourished for two centuries, but slowly went into decline with the rise to power of the Turkish army it had created, the Mamluks.
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The dynasty finally ended with Al-Mutawakkil III, who was taken away as a prisoner, by Selim I
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The Siege of Jerusalem took place from June 7 to July 15, 1099 during the First Crusade. The Crusaders stormed and captured the city from Fatimid Egypt.
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On October 2, 1187 Balian of Ibelin surrendered Jerusalem to Saladin
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the tenth and longest-reigning Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, from 1520 to his death in 1566. He is known in the West as Suleiman the Magnificent[3] and in the East, as "The Lawgiver" (Turkish: Kanuni; Arabic: القانونى, al‐Qānūnī), for his complete reconstruction of the Ottoman legal system
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Towards the end of 14th century, Timur (Tamerlane) claimed to be descent from Genghis Khan's family.
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Taj Mahal is the finest example of Mughal architecture, a style that combines elements from Persian, Turkish and Indian architectural styles
