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Became pope from 1073-1085 and banned all forms of simony
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"The risen Christ, by giving the Holy Spirit to the apostles, entrusted them to his power of sanctifying
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In 1095, Pope Urban II called on all Christian rulers to organize a crusade.
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there were 4 major Crusades between 1097-1204.
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Ruled from 1098-1216
Pope Innocent III marked the high point of papal power.
In,
1215 the pope gathered about 1,200 bishops, abbots, and other church leaders for a great eccumenical council, the Fourth Lateran Council -
the first Crusade was considered the most successful because it took control of Jerusalem and the surrounding lands in 1099.
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took place in 1102 at Jaffa
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Jerusalem fell again in 1187 to a great general named Saladin
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Born 1225
Died 1274
Was the most famous theologian or scholar studying theology -
1231 Pope Gregory IX set up an official court called the Inquisition
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In 1252 there were suspected heretics were tortured to make then confess their belief against Church teachings
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in 1497 the Spanish Inquisition was launched and was particularly vicious