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Gaius Octavianus Augustus officially became emperor (princeps) in 31 BC, when he defeated Mark Antony at the Battle of Actio. He formally restored the republic by leaving the government to the Roman Senate. In reality, however, he retained all power in the state through a number of lifelong powers and titles. He transformed the Roman form of government from a republic into a monarchy.
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Caracalla published the famous edict of the Constitutio Antoniniana. After Caracalla everything changed and everybody had the same law called ius civile. All free inhabitants of the Roman Empire had Roman citizenship. During his reign (211-217) there was the biggest number of rights. -
Diocletian divided the empire for better administration. It was tetrarchy (2 Augusti, 2 Caesars). In 285 Diocletian made Maximian his co-emperor (Augusti). Since 293 Galerius and Constantius Chlorus were Caesars.
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Diocletian ascended the throne in 284.
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It is named by Gregorianus - the author. It is the oldest private collection of constitutions - roughly from Hadrian (117-138) to Diocletian (295). The exact date of the publication is unknown.
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It is also named after its author, the lawyer Hermogenian, who was an influential official. It is a private collection of imperial constitutions. It was created in its original form around the year 295, later it was published again and expanded especially by imperial constitutions from the years 364-365.
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The Western Roman Empire was a state unit that was established after the division of the Roman Empire in 395. The Western Roman Empire with its capital Rome fell in 476 when the Germanic ruler Odoaker deposed the last de facto Western Roman emperor Romulus Augustus.
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It was the continuation of the Roman Empire. The center was in Constantinople. The division (Eastern & Western Empire) was still relative, as the legislature remained common to the whole empire until 438. After that the Eastern Roman emperor Theodosius II established that the validity of the laws of one emperor was not immediately automatically assumed in the other part of the empire, it was up to emperor's discretion. Byzantine empire disappeared when the Ottoman Turks conquered Constantinople.
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It is a collection of laws from the time of late antiquity. In 436 it was issued by the East Roman Emperor Theodosius II. This is an important official codification of all law at the time, including in particular all imperial regulations issued since 312. -
It was proclaimed in 506 by the Visigothic king Alarich II. He divided Roman law into new law (leges) and old law (ius). His sources were Theodosius' Codex, Gaia's textbook, an excerpt from Paul's Sentences, several constitutions from Gregorian and Hermogenian, and Papinian's response.
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Justinian was the Eastern Roman emperor from 527 until his death in 565. He is best known for Corpus Iuris Civilis (body of civil law). This was an effort to create a unified system of law and eliminate conflicts between legal norms. This was done by a commission headed by an excellent lawyer Tribonian. His compilation: Codex, (Code) Digesta, (jurisprudence) Instituta, books for teaching, textbooks Novellae (latest statues). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbsxAsmNwzU
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It is a set of laws first promulgated by king Chindasuinth. In 654 his son king Recceswinth published law code again but enlarged.
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Leo III with his son Constantine issued a new legal code called Ecloga.
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Irnerius was an Italian lawyer and also founder of the school of glossators. He is behind medieval reception of Roman law. He taught Corpus iuris civilis to students at the University of Bologna. Irnerius introduced the custom of explaining Roman law using glosses. Gloesses are originally only brief explanations at the edges of pages. His students Martinus Gosia, Bulgarus, Jacobus de Boragine and Hugo de Porta Ravennate continued with his work.
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It is a papal bull (legal act by pope) issued in 1075 by Pope Gregory VII. It meant a catolical reform. The meaning of it was the complete emancipation of the Latin Church as a universal Christian institution, run by the Pope.