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French Revolution: From Louis XVI To Napoleon Bonaparte
Frech Revolution -
Tennis Court Oath
The Tennis Court Oath is the first step of the revolution and the beginning of a new era. When the king of France, king Louis XVI, decides to call Estates General for the first time in about a century. The Third Estate gets locked out, and all of them decide to meet in a Tennis Court. All rich people on the Third Estate promised that all will not leave the court until a new constitution is created. There, they declare themselves as the true people of France. -
Storming Of The Bastille
Revolutionaries or the Third Estate, began to grab weapons such as spears, bayonets, swords, etc. The only problem that they had was the amount of gunpowder that they had, but the knowledge solves it. Peasants, mobs , and other people rush into the Bastille, a fortress that had been a symbol of the monarchy, to get the gunpowder that they need. As soon as the guards noticed, they started to kill as much as prisoners as possible. During the fight, a white flag flew over Bastille. -
The Creation Of The Declaration Of The Rights Of Man
This Declaration is inspired by many people of the past and documents such as Rousseau, Voltaire, Magna Carta, etc. I tells that the monarchy of kings and queens has come to an end. Some of these laws involves that everyone should be protected equally by the gov. No one shall be punished differently than the other. All individuals' voices need to be heard, not just people that are on the level to speak. -
Women's march on Versailles
All of the women in the Third Estate in Paris, riot for bread and more power on the government. They start to riot in the city's armory, and take all the weapons. Then, the women rush into the palace of Versailles to demand on the king, Louis XVI. -
Flight To Varennes
Two years later after the Women's March, the king attempts to escape from Paris to Austria to get support and finish the revolution with the royalist troops on the frontier. The king tries to escape with his children and wife, Marie Antoinette. However, in the town of Varennes, the king has been arrested with his family and brought back to Paris of being accused of being a traitor for planning an attack on France. The king's attempt for freedom is lost. -
The September Massacres
This was a repeatedly amount of killings in French cities, mostly Paris. People were assassinated due to the fear of royalist armies coming to attack Paris. Later on the massacres, other French cities repeated the same thing. Prisoners could freed themselves from prison and kill people. To prevent this, Jean-Paul Marat, orders the people to kill the prisoners before they are freed. No one was accused of persecutions, but reperusstions happened first to the Girondins (moderate) later the Jacobins -
The Death Of The Last King Of France
Before this date King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette and his children are arrested and put on trial for treason on France. This evidence of negotiating with foreign powers was discovered. By the next January, Louis XVI is put in court, and most people declared not guilty, but sentenced to death. He made his way to the guillotine and is being executed. The last king of France is dead. The same person will never return to return his throne, but his wife may led the country at some point. -
The Creation Of The Committee Of Public Safety
The creation of the committee of public safety seceded from the previous committee of general defence. This committee was made to protect the new established republic against foreign attacks and internal rebellions. The head of the committee was Maximilien Robespierre, a Jacobin. While attacks from Europe happened, the committe got more and more powerful. -
The Creation Of The National Assembly
The name for National Assembly is used to refer a constituent assembly. The term was used several times on another republic in the 1800s and the fourth republic in the 1940s. The first constituent assembly was created in 13 of June in 1793 -
The Death Of Marat
Jean Paul Marat, a Girondin, was the most outspoken one of all of the Girondins. To most people, he was causing more fighting between his group and the Jacobins. He was also known for attacking enemy Revolutionaries by a newspaper called L'Ami du peuple. For all he had done, a royalist named Charlotte Corday sneaks into the bath where Marat was taking a bath, and stabs him to death. -
The Reign Of Terror
It went from September 1793 to July 1794. It resulted as long as 16,000 deaths during this era. The only weapon used on The Reign Of Terror was the guillotine. People such as Louis XVI, Madame Roland, Louis Philippe II, were executed by the same technique. The Terror ends when the leader of the Jacobins were executed, including Maximilien Robespierre. -
The Death Of Marie Antoinette
She was arrested for treason on France and negotiating with the foreign powers and her native, Austria. In January, she got to meet with her husband for the last time, Louis XVI.Months passed on, and her children were also assassinated from her hands. She was put in court and sentenced to death for high treason, she hoped to be reported to Austria. At the end, she followed the same death as her husband did. The last queen of France is dead. There is no heir to the throne. -
The Execution Of Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre was the most outspoken Jacobin of the club. He was the head of the club and was also aggressive on the Girondins during the revolution. Because of the violent level the Jacobins had, Robespierre called for more and more blood that caused the reign of terror. He was overthrown by the National Assembly and arrested. He was sentenced to death by the French Court. Later on, he made his way on to the guillotine, his death marks the end of The Reign of Terror. -
The Creation Of The Directory
This was the reaction to Robespierre's death from the jacobins. To it, it consisted of 750 delegates on the government. 500 on the Council Of Five Hundred. 250 delegates on the Council Of The Ancients. Out of those delegates, there was a Director. However, the National Assembly were the ones supporting the directory. Asa result, the directory was weak, and fell on to the dictatorship of Napoleon Bonaparte. -
The Rise Of Napoleon Bonaparte
When he was in the military, he quickly rose through ranks of the French military. He was battling on the frontier against other nations. One time he decided to take over the government and establish a consulate gov., he became a consul then. In 1799, he crowned himself as Emperor of France, but he took the crown away from the Pope. Then after the coronation, Napoleon began to invade other nations in Europe, forming an empire to reach Russia. -
The Exile Of Napoleon
After so many battles, Napoleon conquered much of Europe to where it reaches Russia. Napoleon thought he could invade Russia in 20 days. He ended retreating back from Moscow and much of Europe united against him. In April 1814, he looses the Battle of Leipzig. Later on, he was forced to renounce his throne, and with the Treaty Of Fontainebleau, he was exiled to the island of Elba in April 1814. -
The Restoration Of A New Monarchy
After Napoleon I renounce his throne, Louis XVIII, brother of Louis XVI, returned to France after his exile. He was exiled in various nations during the French Revolution. When Napoleon was in exile, French royalists believe that the throne is the perfect place for Louis XVIII. Later he became king of France until Napoleon I escape of Elba and returns to the throne in 1815 -
The Second Rise And Exile Of Napoleon
During his exile at Elba, Napoleon somehow escapes from the island and regains his throne. Again, much of Europe was united against him. Unfortunately, Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo. After defeating Napoleon, European powers would not let Napoleon to escape for the next time. They exile him to the island of Saint Helena. He remained in exile until his death in 5 of May in 1821.
