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The accession of James VI of Scotland as James I of England
United the countries of England and Scotland under one monarch for the first time. James believed in the Divine Right of Kings that he was answerable to God alone and could not be tried by any court. -
James introduced English and Irish Protestants into Northern Ireland
Ulster Plantation scheme and tried to keep England at peace with the rest of Europe. Although he was a clever man, his choice of favorites alienated Parliament and he was not able to solve the country’s financial or political problems. When he died in 1625 the country was badly in debt. -
Charles I came to the throne after his father’s death.
He did not share his father’s love of peace and embarked on war with Spain and then with France. In order to fight these wars he needed Parliament to grant him money. However, Parliament was not happy with his choice of favorites, especially the Duke of Buckingham and made things difficult for him. -
the three resolutions
1.That they would condemn any move to change religion.
2. That they would condemn any taxation levied without Parliament’s authority.
3. That any merchant who paid ‘illegal’ taxes betrayed the liberty of England.
Charles dismissed Parliament. -
King Charles I accompanied his forces
told the Scottish border to end the rebellion known as the Bishops' War. But, after an inconclusive military campaign, he accepted the offered Scottish truce: the Pacification of Berwick. The truce proved temporary, and a second war followed . -
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Charles l dismissed parliament
The result was the two Bishops Wars (1639-1640) Charles’ financial state had worsened to such a degree that he had no choice but to recall a Parliament whose condemnation of his style of rule would lead the country to Civil War and Charles I to his execution in 1649. -
Period: to
Civil War and Interregnum
The overall outcome was threefold: the trial and execution of Charles I the exile of his son, Charles II and the replacement of English monarchy with, at first, the Commonwealth of England and then the Protectorate under the personal rule of Oliver Cromwell. When Cromwell died his son Richard Cromwell was incapable of governing, and the Puritan army directly ruled the three kingdoms, to the growing disgust of all classes of people. -
Oliver Cromwell took the title Lord Protector
he became lord protector of the newly formed republic in England, known as the Commonwealth. His parliament consisted of a few chosen supporters and was not popular either at home or abroad.
Cromwell disliked the Irish Catholics and, on the pretense of punishment for the massacre of English Protestants in 1641, he lay siege to the town of Drogheda in 1649 and killed most of its inhabitants. Having conquered Ireland he declared war on the Netherlands -
trial of king charles began
King Charles was tried for treason by a High Court of Justice specially set up for the trial. The court found Charles guilty and sentenced him to death. -
Charles assumed the title Charles II of England
He was formally recognized as King of Scotland and Ireland.In 1651 he led an invasion into England from Scotland to defeat Cromwell and restore the monarchy. He was defeated and fled to France where he spent the next eight years. -
James II succeeded his brother Charles to the throne
After the Restoration he had served as Lord High Admiral until he announced his conversion to Roman Catholicism and was forced to resign.He succeeded despite the passing of the Test Acts in 1673 and the efforts of Parliament to have him by-passed. -
The Bloody Assizes led to an increasing number of calls for james
replaced by his son-in-law, William of Orange. The Dutchman was invited to take the English throne. William’s subsequent invasion of England and accession to the throne is known as The Glorious Revolution. James fled to France where he lived until his death in 1701. -
meeting in the battle of boyne
forces under the deposed king of England James ll and William of orange, the new English monarch, met in the battle of Boyne. oddly enough, though this is usually seen in Ireland as a protestant catholic struggle. -
Anne took over the throne
During her reign, England and Scotland were united as one sovereign state, Great Britain, by the 1707 Acts of Union and Anne became its first monarch. She was also Queen of Ireland and Queen of France. -
Death of queen Anne
Under the Acts of Union, two of her realms, the kingdoms of England and Scotland, united as a single sovereign state known as Great Britain. She continued to reign as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death. Except for the period of the Commonwealth, the Stuarts were monarchs of the British Isles and its growing empire, until she died