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King Henri VIII is proclaimed Supreme Head of the Church of England.
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King Henry VIII made Anne Boleyn a legitimate Queen.
But the Pope disagreed and claimed that A.Boleyn wasn't the King's real wife. Thus he decided to excommunicate Henry VIII. -
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England is under the Tudor monarchy which took the power of the crown in 1485 after putting an end to the War of Roses. They made the first step towards what we could call an unified state. They also put in place "Anglicanism".
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*religion= catholic then anglican
He wasn't supposed to be the King but his older brother died in battle. Thus he was proclaimed king in 1509. King Henry VIII was a loyal catholic and a boastful who really like leading wars against France. -
By 1538 every monastery in England was disbanded. Henry VIII considered them to be under the Pope's rule. Moreover, all of their goods were confiscated which permitted the kingdom to get away from bankruptcy. However those monasteries were very involved in the everyday life which led to some insurgences which were brutaly repressed.
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The Bible was translated to english from latin and was made mandatory.
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*parents= Henry VIII and Jane Seymour (3rd wife)
**religion= protestant
King Edward VI was only 9 years old when he was put on the throne. -
This book replaced every latin mass books into english ones.
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*parents= Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon (1st wife)
**religion= pure catholic
Queen Mary Tudor was, at age 37, the first regnant Queen in England. She is also called "Bloody Mary" because of her brutal reign (protestantism was made a heresy and more than 200 protestants died) -
Elizabeth 1st presented for the first time in a speech her two bodies theory. This theory stipulated that there was a dissociation between her natural body of a weak woman, and her political body of divine authority of a monarch. -
*parents= Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn (2nd wife)
**religion= protestant (but in the form of anglicanism thanks to her "Via Media")
Queen Elizabeth I got the crown at age 25. She stayed unmarried during her whole reign, thus she has the surname of the "Virigin Queen". -
After the reign of Mary I, England became once more catholic and under the Pope's power. So to reaffirm her full power, Elizabeth made another Act of Supremacy to put her as the Supreme Head of the Church of England. England also had to use the Book of Common Prayer in vernacular over the latin mass book. -
It was a gathering of religious peope to create a new anglican church. It was an important event for Marian exiles who could expose their new ideas.
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It is those texts (and the Bible in Welsh of 1588) which truly made Wales anglican.
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From 1568 to 1573 was the Marian Civil War. Mary had no choice but to abdicate. She also fled to England where she has gotten emprisoned. -
The catholic people from Scotland wanted to put Mary Queen of Scots on the throne because she was well catholic, but also because she was the next on the line for the throne.
A year after, the Pope who supported Mary excommunicated Elizabeth I. This led to important repressions of the catholics. -
The central and local governements had a responsability to help the poor (since there were no more monasteries for poor relief).
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Mary who was a threat to Elizabeth I was finally executed after almost 20 years of emprisonment in England (where she fled after the beginning of the Marian Civil War).
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The Spanish King send his armada to invade Britain, after Elizabeth 1st did everything to cut down the Spanish power: she forged alliances with the Netherlands and France against Spain, supported the Dutch revolt against Spain, and allowed her privateers (like Francis Drake) to attack Spanish ships in the West Indies.
But thanks to poor weather and good strategy from the English commanders, the Armada got defeated by Britain. It was a huge victory both at a symbolic and a diplomatic level. -
The Bible was translated to welsh. It greatly helped making Wales anglican. -
The East India Company was chartered. -
*religion = presbyterianist
**parents = Mary (Queen of Scots) Stuart and Henry Stuart
Elizabeth the 1st died childless. Thus it was James 1st, son of Mary Queen of Scots who was the next heir on the line, who accessed the throne -
Stuart family reigns
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No King nor Queen reigns
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The House of Stuart is restored
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The Hanover Line reigns
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