After two defeats in the 700s, the spread of Islam slowed down
Jan 30, 717
In 717, a monk named Wilibrord became the first to attempt to preach the Gospel in Viking territory
Jan 30, 1040
In the 1040s, the Western Church was at its low
Jan 30, 1054
July 1054: Cardinal Humbert SLAMMED the bull of excommunication on the high altar of Hagia Sofia, the beautiful Eastern Church
Feb 3, 1095
Pope urban 2declared holy war
Feb 3, 1099
french and italian crusaders captured Jeruselam
Jan 30, 1100
By the 11th century: West couldn’t speak Latin Western education only applied to clergy West thought East caused all heresies East couldn’t speak Greek Eastern education included the laity East thought West was a shadow of its former glory
Feb 3, 1100
schools expanded into levels of learning
Jan 30, 1122
1122: The Concordat of Worms
Feb 3, 1140
the chur ch of saint denis was rebuilt
Feb 3, 1200
universities began to develope in bolgaria, paris, and oxford
Feb 5, 1204
Fourth Crusade sacked Constantinople, produced hatred for the West
Feb 3, 1209
saint francis founded the franciscans
Feb 3, 1212
the reconquista the request of spain from the muslims
Feb 3, 1215
saint dominic founded the dominicans
Feb 5, 1237
Abrupt change in fortune when Mongols attacked Kiev, city never recovered
Aug 3, 1294
celestine v elected pope
Dec 3, 1294
celestine v resigned
Feb 5, 1295
Boniface VIII elected pope
Feb 5, 1295
Boniface VIII dies
Period: Feb 3, 1305 to Feb 3, 1378
7 french popes regined from avignon
Feb 5, 1305
Clement V, friend of the French king, elected Pope
Period: Feb 5, 1305 to Feb 5, 1378
7 French Popes reigned from Avignon
Period: Feb 5, 1347 to Feb 5, 1350
Black Death- seen as judgment on sins of the age, especially popes!
Feb 5, 1371
Gregory XI elected pope
Feb 5, 1377
Gregory XI returns to Rome (persuaded by Saint Catherine of Siena)
Feb 5, 1378
Urban VI elected pope (last non-cardinal to be elected) Tortured six cardinals…not such a good guy…
Feb 5, 1378
Clement VII elected pope because Urban was invalid Clement lived in Avignon: created dilemma…who should get the loyalty?
Feb 5, 1389
: Urban dies before a decision is made, succeeded by Boniface IX
Feb 5, 1394
: Clement dies before a decision is made, succeeded by Benedict XIII
anti pope
Feb 5, 1404
legitimate pope Innocent VII elected
pope
Feb 5, 1406
legitimate pope Gregory XII elected
pope
Feb 5, 1409
Alexander V elected pope at Council of Pisa…now three “popes”- two illegitimate, one legitimate
anti pope
Feb 5, 1410
Alexander V dies suddenly, John XXIII elected pope (he was once a pirate)
anti pope
Period: Feb 5, 1414 to Feb 5, 1418
Council of Constantine met to make a decision: all three resigned for the sake of unity in the Church
Feb 5, 1418
Western Schism ends with the election of Martin V. PHEW!!!
pope
Feb 5, 1453
Ottoman Turks attacked CosntantinopleSultans became the new emperorsOrthodox Church survived, but only as captives of the Turks
Popr Gregory the Great was elected in 590
768: became king of the Franks
800: earned the favor of Pope Leo III and was crowned Holy Roman Emperor
By the end of Charlemagne’s rule in 814, Europe was Christian.
936: Otto I became Holy Roman Emperor and began reform
900s: the gap between the West and East showed there was a storm brewing
