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The Dark Ages, also known as the Middle Ages, was a period inbetween 500 AD and 1500 AD that we call the Dark Ages because there weren't really any technologial advances at all, and there was a very bad virus outbreak that spread across all of Europe called the Black Death. It is thought that a third of the population of Europe was killed in the first year alone.
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Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London, is a historic castle near the north bank of the Thames River, seperated from the city of London by the open space that is commonly known as Tower Hill. The White Tower was built by William the Conqueror in 1078, earning the castle its name, and was a resented symbol of opression, inflicted upon England by the ruling elite.
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The Battle of Hastings was a very famous battle fought on October 14th, where Duke William II (William the Conqueror) fought King Harold II at Senlac Hill northwest of Hastings, close to the present-day town of Battle, East Sussex. It was a decisive Norman victory.
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The First Crusade was a famous military expedition done by the Roman Catholic Church in 1096 to regain sacred ground taken away by the Muslim conquests (632 - 661). It ultimately resulted in the recapture of Jerusalem in 1099. It was launched on the 27th of November, 1095 by Pope Urban II.
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The Second Crusade was started in respone to the fall of the County of Edessa the year before to the forces of Zengi. The county had been founded when the first crusade was still going on, by Baldwin of Boulogne in 1098. It was the first crusader state to be founded, but also the first to be lost.
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The Magna Carta is an Angevin charter originally issued in Latin in 1215 and translated into French in 1219, and then was modified and reissued in the 13th century. The later versions excluded the most direct challenges to the monarch's authority that had been present in the 1215 charter.
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The First Barons' War was a civil war in England, led by Robert Fitzwalter and supported by a French army under the future Louis VIII of France, and King John of England. The war resulted from the king's refusal to accept and abide by the Magna Carta he had sealed in June, and from the ambitions of the French prince, who dragged the war on after many of the rebel barons had made peace with John.
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The Second Barons' War was another civil war that took place in England, just like the first one. It was caused primarily by King Henry III's demands for extra finances. The charismatic Simon de Montfort and his forces had captured most of southeastern England, and Henry was taken prisoner by Montfort and reduced to a figurehead king. The casualties of the war are an estimated 15,000.
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The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, peaking in Europe between 1348 and 1350. The Black Death is thought to have started in China or central Asia,[3] before spreading west. It is estimated to have killed 25 million people or 30% of the population of China.
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Until now, there was no Bible in English, and it was only read to people through a clergy. Although Wycliffes Bible was translated word for word, so it had tons of bizarre things in it like this, from Genesis 1:3: "And God seide, Be maad liȝt; and maad is liȝt" Because of the Lollardy movement, the Kingdom of England and the established Catholic Church in England undertook a drastic campaign to suppress it. It was virtually impossible though, because it contained no heterodox readings.
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The Wars of the Roses were a series of dynastic wars fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the houses of Lancaster and York (whose heraldic symbols were the "red" and the "white" rose, respectively) for the throne of England. They were fought in several sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1485, although there was related fighting both before and after this period.
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Although bad things still happaned during the Renaissance, there were also many great painters and writers like William Shakespeare, or Leonardo da Vinci, who was and still is extremely famous for his inventions. He also painted Mona Lisa.
