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1- אנכי השם
The Ramban says that this is the first commandment because it is the baseline. This Mitzvah shows that the people have to accept their ruler before they accept his rules- Bnei Yisrael have to believe in Hashem first, and then accept His Mitzvot. -
2- לא יהיה לך
The Ramban points out that this commandment is here to warn us that we can ONLY accept Hashem. Now that we have already accepted Hashem, we are commanded to not have any other gods- do not ascribe Godliness to any other god / thing. -
3- לא תשא
The Ramban says that since we are now accepting Hashem and not doing any Avodah Zarah, we are automatically giving כבוד to Hashem- therefore, we wouldn't use His name in vain. It makes sense that this is after the first two because following those leads into following this commmandment. -
4- זכור את
Ramban: After we hear about all Hashem did / is, we have Shabbat as a commemoration for the creation of the world and is a symbol that Hashem created everything. Also, after the commandments to believe / reject, we now have to DO something. We are SHOWING the faith. -
5- כבד את
The Ramban says: After talking about Hashem creating the world, we mention parents who pair with God in creating children. We should treat our parents with respect, do not deny who they are, do not use their name in vain, and do not use them for inheritance- the same guidelines that applied to God applies to the parents (on a different level, of course). The botttom line here is that creators deserve respect. -
6- לא תרצח
Ramban: After going from recognizing Hashem and His creations to respecting parents because they had a role in creation of people, we next go to not killing Hashem's creations. We just said how great these creators are for making these beautiful creations- we must not kill them! -
7- לא תנאף
Ramban: We now say that you cannot take the wives of the creations because might not know their fathers- people would not know their creators and would not be able to respect them properly. -
8- לא תגנוב
Ramban: This commandment is really, "Do not kidnap"- If one kidnaps a creation, that creation might not know their creator. Again, they would not be able to properly respect and recognize their creator. -
9- לא תענה
Ramban: You may not witness falsely because that could lead to stealing from Hashem's creations. -
10- לא תחמוד
Ramban: By not being jealous, you are preventing damage of other creations' property.
Conclusion: The commandments go in a logical order: Hashem-- father-- specific people- all people.
