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(https://youtu.be/pWZjMSBbfOI) The old regime is known as the political, economic, legal and social system characteristic of Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries. Its main characteristics focus on an old-fashioned demographic. The economy was based on subsistence agriculture, that is, they lived off the field. Society was class. The church was very powerful and there was an absolute monarchy,
In the end, a new social class appeared, the bourgeoisie. -
He was a conservative noble who was also a bleat with Carlos III, he tried to isolate Spain from France, closing the country from political propaganda or prohibiting the departure of students or the teaching of French
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(1788- 1808)
He was known as “The horned king” he was a person with weak character. He was considered someone with few intellectual gifts, he was a lover of music, hunting and crafts, such as watches. He used to leave the government in the hands of his ministers although his wife, Queen María Luisa de Parma, was the one who really ruled -
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The French Constitution of 1791 contained the reform of the French State. France was configured as a constitutional monarchy. The old divisions administrative offices were replaced by departments, whose authorities will be elected locally. The elaboration of the laws corresponded to a Legislative Assembly, and the executive power was in the hands of the monarchy.
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As Floridablanca couldn’t achieve gis objectives, this noble took the power, he had reformist ideas, he was in favor of an approach to France to save Louis XVI, but as he didn’t succes he left.
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He took the power after the Arana count. He did not belong to a family of nobles. He was a controversial character, because of his descent and because of the position he held, which is why he also had enemies in the clergy and at court. He supported enlightened despotism. He opposed the revolution and promoted enlightened reforms, such as the agrarian law.
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(https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/french-defeated-in-spain)
In 1799, Napoleon, Emperor of France, decided to conquer Spain, but in 1805 he was defeated at the Battle of Trafalgar. In 1807, Godoy and Napoleon signed the Treaty of Fontainebleau, where they agreed to conquer and divide Portugal and isolate England. However, Napoleon's strategy was different. The French invasion began by entering through the Basque Country and Barcelona. -
In 1799, Napoleon, the emperor of France, decided to conquer Spain, he took advantage of the weakness of the royal family, but in 1805 he was defeated at the Battle of Trafalgar (Great Britain + France), which caused trade with America to break down, and France and Spain united against England.
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(https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-was-the-treaty-of-fontainebleau.html)
- In 1807, Godoy and Napoleon signed the Treaty of Fontainebleau, where they agreed to conquer and divide Portugal and isolate England. -
(https://realcortijo.com/el-motin-de-aranjuez/) In 1808, the Motín of Aranjuez occurred, where Fernando VII's supporters and himself staged a coup, forcing his father Carlos IV to abdicate. Fernando IV started being the king of Spain.
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In april 1808, Napoleon told the royal family to go Bayonne, he used an excuse to mediate in the familiar conflict between father and son, he got Fernando VII to abdicate in favor of Carlos IV, his father, who gave Napoleon power in exchange for money. Napoleon named his brother Jose Bonaparte King of Spain, this is called "Abdications of Bayonne."
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(https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joseph-Bonaparte) He was a liberal person supported by the Frenchified, liberal, reformists and enlightened, but hated by the supporters of Fernando VII (nobles, clergy). He was unable to implement any kind of reform as he had to deal with the war. He was not well liked because people saw him as Napoleon's puppet.
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The courts are institutions of medieval origin in which the king met with the representatives of the estates, to advise him on taxes, on whether to raise them or not. Due to the lack of power in the country during the war, the "supreme central junta" assumed political power in those areas that were not occupied by the French.
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In it was established, national sovereignty, political power resides in the people, the separation of powers, a parliamentary monarchy, the power of the king is limited by the courts. Legal equality among all citizens. Census suffrage, men over 25 could vote with minimal income. Catholicism as the official religion, and the national army is created, unified legislation, a law for all Spanish territories.
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In 1814 the war ended and the French were expelled. Fernando VII, on returning from his retention, found Spain financially ruined. He abolished the constitution and the reforms carried out by the Cortes of Cádiz, persecuted liberals, were tried and ended up dead or in exile.
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When Fernando VII returned from exile, he saw how Spain was, he decided to abolish the constitution, assuming a step backwards in the modernization of the country.
