Byzantine History

By dmatucla
  • Period: 224 to Oct 10, 651

    Sassanian Dynasty

    Persians
  • Period: 263 to

    Eusebius of Casesarea

    Wrote LOTBEC, Chronicle, Church History
  • Period: 300 to 400

    4th Century debates

    Question of father and son, is the son eternal or was he birthed? Arianism was condemned (son not eternal)
  • Period: 306 to 337

    Constantine Rules

    Ordered the Canonization of the scriptures, which was carried out by Eusebius. Aka, making scriptures holy and lawful?
  • 312

    Constantine defeats Maxentius

    Battle of Milvian Bridge
  • 313

    Edict of Milan

    Religious toleration for Christianity. Christian clergy excused form town councils. State subsidies to the christian church.
  • 324

    Constantine defests Licinius

    Defeat at Hadrianople, Constantine becomes sole emperor
  • 325

    Council of Nicea

    First ecumenical council. Summonded and presided upon by emperor. Its decisions enforced by imperial decree. Debate on Arianism and Nicean Creed, which established the relationship between the father and the son. Construction of church of Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem and Church of Nativity in Bethlehem
  • 330

    Foundation of Constantinople

  • 337

    Constantine dies

    Dies as first Christian Emperor, baptized on his deathbed
  • Period: 361 to 363

    Julian the Apostate rules

    brief return to paganism
  • Period: 400 to 500

    5th century debate

    struggles to maintain the frontiers of the empire from germans, huns, and other eastern pressures. How can christ be human and divine at the same time? Nestorianism vs Monophysitism
  • 431

    3rd Ecumenical Council

    Ephesus, Condemned Nestorianism
  • 451

    4th Ecumenical Council

    Chalcedon, condemned Monophycitism
  • Period: 500 to 565

    Procopius of Caesarea

    Wrote buildings and Secret History
  • Period: 500 to 565

    Belisarius and Narses

    Belisarius was Justinian's general, considered one of the greatest generals of all time. Was able to conquer many mediterranean lands with little or no support from Justinian. Considered to be one of the "last of the Romans". Narses was also a general who worked with Belisarius
  • Period: 527 to 565

    Reign of Justinian

    Succeeded his uncle Justin I whom he helped govern the empire befor he governed it himself. His wife was Theodora, who was very influential and considered a saint of the church. She helped quall the Nika Revolt with a speech. Wars of reconquest, Justinian won back many Western lands. He stabalized and strengthened the absolute monarchy, codified the laws, had a massive building program, and had fiscal and a Justinaian emptied the treasury, so there was a period of Contraction after his rule
  • 532

    Nika Revolt

    Quelled by Justinian, who killed 30,000. Theodora convinced him to do so.
  • Period: 570 to Oct 11, 632

    Muhammad lives

    He was born in Mecca to the tribe of the Quraysh, a pagan pilgrimage tribe. 622 Hijra from Mecca to Medina. Muhammad was the medium through which god wrote the Koran. Muhammah wrote it in aristocratic language. The hadith is a book of what Muhammad did in his life, and Muslims follow that as well as the Koran. It is a composition of orally passed down stoires from those that were close to Muhammad.
  • Period: Oct 10, 610 to Oct 10, 641

    Reign of Heraclius

    Successful struggled with Persia, and struggled with Muslim Armies
  • Period: Oct 10, 610 to Oct 10, 717

    Heraclian dynasty

  • Oct 10, 622

    Hijra from Mecca to Medina

    Muhammad makes mecca. This begins Muslim Calendar
  • Oct 11, 622

    Muhammad migrates from Mecca to Medina

    Marks the year 0
  • Oct 11, 661

    Transfer of capital from Medina to Demascus

  • Period: Oct 11, 661 to Oct 11, 750

    Umayaads rule

  • Period: Oct 10, 713 to

    Isaurian Dynasty

    Iconoclast emperors (destruction for eligious symbols)
  • Oct 11, 717

    Arab siege of Constantinople

    lasted until 718
  • Oct 11, 726

    Leo III demands removal of Icon of christ

  • Oct 11, 730

    Forceful removal of patriarch Germanos and demand of destruction of icons by Leo III

  • Period: Oct 11, 750 to Oct 11, 1258

    Abbasids rule

    Move the capital to Baghdad. Ended by the sack of Baghdad by the Mongols
  • Oct 11, 762

    Transfer of capital

    Demascus to Baghdad by Abbasids

  • Division of Roman Empire

    Division to East and West, Arcadius ruled the east, Honorius ruled the west.

  • 2nd ecumenical council

    In Constantinople under Theodosius I, defined the position of the holy ghost within the trinity and supplemented the Nicean Creed

  • Corpus Julis Civilis

    Law released in 529, revised by Tribonian, a great jurist. Tribonian was corrupt and temporarily removed by Justinian. His life is recounted in the writings of Procopius. John the Cappadocian was Justinian's personal advisor for this codification.

  • 7th ecumenical council

    In nicea, resotred Idols

  • 815 council of Blachernae

    resumed iconoclasm. Finally ended by theodora.
  • Period: to 305

    Diocletian

    Administrative and fiscal reforms
  • Period: to

    Theodosius I

  • Period: to 450

    Theodosius II

    Sister Pulcheria and wife Athenais-Eudocia heavily influenced him. Urban development of Constantinople, enlargement of city walls. University of Constantinople.
  • Period: to

    Successors to iconoclasm

    Successors to Isaurians
  • Period: to

    Amorian Dynasty

    Iconoclasm up until 843
  • Period: to Oct 10, 1056

    Macedonian Dynasty