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Henry VIII was made "Supreme Head of the Church of England" -
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First Protestant prayer book published in English. -
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Protestants were considered heretics and killed so they feld to other countries -
He became King of Scotland in 1557 first and then in 1603 King of England too.
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Queen Elizabeth I become "Supreme Governor" and restored Protestantism in England -
Catholic rebellions against the religious reforms -
The Pope excommunicate Elizabeth I -
Plot by Catholics against Elizabeth who wanted Mary Stuart to govern. -
She was sentenced to death after being coinvicted of complicity in ploting against Elizabeth I -
A speech Elizabeth I made before the attacks of the Spanish Armada. It is where the "two bodies" theory was first mentioned. -
The English army having a material advantage (more sailors and ships) won agaisnt the Spanish Armada. -
James Stuart (James I) became King of England. -
Catholics tried to blow up James I and the Parliament because of the repressive laws. -
A financial reform demanded by James I so that he could get a fixed sum of money. Parliament refused. -
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Parliament asked Charles VIII to recognize that there were limits to his power. -
11 years during which the King rule without a Parliament.
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Scottish were opposed to Charles religious policy. -
Charles summoned Parliament because he needed money to fight the Scots -
Charles was forced to summon Parliament and pay the Scot’s Army. -
Irish Catholics revolted against the Protestant who came from the plantation policy (introduced during Elizabeth I and James I reign) -
“Revolutionary” demands to grant more power to the Parliament. It was voted and passed but divided Parliament in two groups: the Parliamentarians (those for the reform) and the Royalists (those against the reform) -
A war between the Parliamentarians and the Royalists. Parliamentarians won thanks to the New Model Army and Charles I surrendered to the Scots.
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There should be no authority above Parliament. -
Revolts in the South of England, Wales, ans Scotlands in which the Royalists were defeated by Cromwell. -
Colonel Pride arrested 45 conservative MPs who did not agree with the idea of trying the King for his treason. -
After the death of Charles I, the monarchy was abolished and England became a Commonwealth.
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Charles I was put on a trial for high treason and sentenced to death. -
A military dictatorship, similar to a monarchy without a king and led by Cromwell.
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Charles II promised a more stable politic and monarchy was restored. -
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Fictitious plot against Charles II to put James II (Catholic) on the throne. -
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The Parliament invited William of Orange (King James II’s son in law) to invade England and seize the Crown. The Revolutions are considered “glorious” because nobody died. -
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Fixed limitations to the King’s power and started the Constitutional Monarchy. -
Ensured Protestant succession and ignored all the Catholic heir. -
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Union between England and Wales, and Scotland to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain. -
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Union of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland.