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Period: 1016 to 1099
The first crusade
The Catholic church's attempt to capture the holy lands from Islamic territory. Council of Clermont in 1095 resulted in the creation of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. -
Period: 1300 to
The Renaissance
The “rebirth" of Europe, one of the most influential cities at the time was Florence Italy, the city was involved in the act of classicism, art, emersion of the middle class and humanism. -
Period: 1347 to 1350
Black death
Estimated to have killed up to 30-60% of the European population. The disease was spread through fleas and rats on traveling ships though to have originated from Genoese. -
1440
Gutenberg invents printing press
Drastically decreased the price of books and allowed many more people to engage in literature. The printing press was widely produced after his invention, allowing for a new form of communicating information through media. -
1453
Byzantine Empire falls to Ottoman Empire
A 58 day siege that was regarded as the end of the Middle Ages and a blow to the Christian faith. -
1492
Christopher Columbus lands in Caribbean
Three Spanish ships arrived along the Caribbean shore, was an attempt to find a new trade route to Asia by crossing the Atlantic Ocean. The goal was to explore and colonize the western world. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther posts 95 theses
Posted onto the Wittenberg church in Germany, list of complaints and criticism towards the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church -
1519
Cortes arrives in Mexico
Hernan Cortes a Spanish Conquistador, with the aid of nearly 600 soldiers conquered the Aztec empire ruled by Emperor Montezuma II, claiming the territory as Mexico City after 3 years of war. -
May 2, 1519
Leonardo Da Vinci dies
At the age of 67, Leonardo da Vinci died at Clos Luce on May 2, 1519. Leonardo was an accomplished Italian writer, revolutionary painter and inventor. -
1532
Machiavelli writes to the price
Written by Nicholo Machiavelli outlining the way a prince should think and act. This book signified an attempt to save the empire of Italy from poor leadership. -
1534
Anglican church founded by Henry VIII after excommunicated
Henry VIII took away power from the church and split England’s ties with Roman Catholicism. The "Act of Supremacy" of 1534 made Henry VIII “Protector and Only Supreme Head of the church and clergy in England”. -
1534
Cartier arrives in New Fance
Jacques Cartier sailed in an attempt to find precious metals in the notorious Northwest Passage. Instead he landed in Newfoundland where Cartier claimed parts of Canada including the Gaspe Peninsula that allowed for the French to develop a colony in Quebec. -
Aug 15, 1534
Jesuit order founder
Spanish nobleman, Ignatius Loyola, was a vicious soldier who founded the Jesuit Order. The Jesuit Order was a military group that travelled to protestant Catholicism throughout much of Europe. -
1543
Copernicus, heliocentric Universe is published
Nicholas Copernicus proposed his own heliocentric (sun-centred) model that challenged the widely accepted earth centred model. -
1545
Council of Trent
Pope Paul III called multiple sessions through the church. This council was the main force behind the Church reform which highlighted current issues in Roman catholic religion and ending of indulgences. -
Galileo tried before the Inquisition
Galileo Galilei was an Italian astronomer that used telescopes to view the solar system. Galileo was sentenced to life imprisonment after discovering controversial topics of how the solar system moved with earth. -
The birth of Issac Newton
Newton grew up to be a mathematician and great physicist who developed the "Newton laws of motion" and the theory of universal gravitation, he was known to have revolutionized physics.