World History - Simon Wiedel

Chapter 19-20

Period: Jan 31, 1350 to Jan 31, 1800

Prince Henry of Portugal is Born

Mar 4, 1394

Prince Henry would eventually grow up to start the school of navigation. Sailors and navigators would come into this school, looking and eventually find their way to India by going around Africa.

Chapter 17

Period: Jan 10, 1400 to Jan 10, 1625

Yonglo becomes Ming Emperor

Mar 23, 1402

Opened up the Grand Canal of China, allowing goods to be traded throughout the Ming Empire much easier.

Zeng He captains his first voyage

Jan 18, 1405

This was the start of the showing of the power of the Ming Dynasty at the time. It also allowed the chinese to go and taking over in a way different ports throughout the eastern world.

Donatello creates his David statue

Sep 11, 1408

When the statute was created, it created a symbol of strength for the city of Florence.

Johan Gutenburg invents the Printing Press

Apr 12, 1440

With the creation of the printing press, even though it could not create a single page faster, it could create copies of that same page faster when it came to making books. As more books were being made, many people were able to get these books, helping more people the chance to learn how to read.

The Hundreds Years' War Ends

Mar 9, 1453

It marked the end of Feudalism, and created a new sense of Nationalism. Both people from France and England, now do not fight for their kings, but for their countries.

Fall of Constantinople to the Turks

May 29, 1453

When Constantinople fell to the Turks, it marked the end of the Roman Empire.

Bartolomeu Dias reaches Cape of Good Hope

May 30, 1488

Reaching the Cape of Good Hope gave sailors a positive aspect on reaching India. They now know that you can get around Africa.

Ferdinand & Isabella end war with Muslims

Jul 13, 1492

Ending the war with the Muslims finally gave Ferdinand and Isabella the money needed to support Christopher Columbus on his voyages to 'India', which he will find that he actually lands in the Americas.

Christopher Columbus spots land in North America

Oct 12, 1492

Christopher Columbus at first though that he had finally spotted land in India, but instead, right before his crew took over and threw him out, he spotted land in a 'New World', which will later begin exporation for many other explorers.

Spain & Portugal agree to Treaty of Tordesillas

Jun 7, 1494

Stop the fighting over the lands in the New World, it allowed Portugal to claim land in South America, having a cultural impact on that area from then until now because almost all South American countries speak Spanish, but Brazil still mainly speaks Portuguese.

Vasco de Gama lands in India

Oct 17, 1498

Landing in India created a sailing route back and forth from there back to England. This took away the middle man from trading, also making it easier to carry more goods from one place to another.

Leonardo DaVinci starts the Mona Lisa

Jun 15, 1503

It was the beginning to the 16 year process of creating one of DaVinci's most famous masterpieces. This painting eventually gains worldwide popularity.

Amerigo Vespucci charts New World

Feb 6, 1507

Created a better representation of the world, even though it wasn't 100% accurate of what the New World looked like, it showed there was a land mass between England and India doing west.

Michelangelo paints the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel

Jul 9, 1508

Michaelangelo faced many challenges with creating this painting, especially having to paint a masterpiece like this one upside down.

Raphael paints School of Athens

Oct 8, 1509

The painting was the showing of the High Renessaince and Philosophy.

Machiavelli writes The Prince

May 10, 1513

This book shows the importance of a person's skill during his time. It shows people how to use their talents the right way so they can get and/or keep their position in power.

Martin Luther posts his 95 Thesis

Oct 31, 1517

The 95 Thesis helped people realize different problems within the Catholic Church at that time, such as the selling of indulgences. The document helped begin the Protestant Reformation.

Nicolaus Copernicus begins studying planetary movement

Mar 30, 1518

Lead to the discovery that the Sun was the middle of the universe. Makes it easier to study planetary movement and activity in space today.

Hernando Cortes lands on Mexican coast

Feb 3, 1519

Starts the colonization for Spain, and will later lead to the fall of the Aztec Empire.

Chapter 21

Period: Mar 6, 1520 to Mar 6, 1775

First slave revolts in Hispaniola

Sep 20, 1522

It showed that the slaves did have the power to revolt even if it was in a small way, they were not completely powerless. It also eventually helped lead to the independence of Haiti.

Francisco Pizzaro meets Atahualpa

Nov 16, 1532

When Pizarro went to let Atahualpa look at the Bible, hoping he would accept their God, Atahualpa threw the Bible on the ground, upsetting Pizarro, causing him to dominate Atahualpa and his men, taking them over and eventually holding him for ransom and then killing him.

Ivan IV came to power

Mar 10, 1533

Ivan ruled by terror. He was very paranoid and killed everybody that he thought was against him, even going to the point of killing his brother.

Jacques Cartier claims land in Canada

Aug 15, 1534

He founded the St. Lawrence River, as well as Montreal, or Mt. Royal at the time.

Anne Boleyn is executed

May 19, 1536

When King Henry VIII executed Anne Boleyn, it really showed how far he would go to allow himself another shot at having a son with a woman.

Edward VI is born

Oct 12, 1537

Edward is King Henry VIII's first son, so now he has a successor to the throne.

Ignatius of Loyola founds the Jesuit order

Apr 19, 1541

The Jesuits would go out and teach people, bringing back a lot of the Protestants to Christianity.

Mary I becomes Queen

Oct 1, 1553

After much of Englang were getting used to the Protestant religion, Mary I tried to force everyone back to Catholicism, which involved the persecution of many people.

Spain was defeated in the Battle in the English Channel

Mar 6, 1558

When the Spanish lost the battle, it took the from being the top power in the world at the time and created a 'race' with the other countries to take over this top spot.

Elizabeth I becomes Queen

Nov 17, 1558

The persection of people stops for the most part, and Elizabeth focuses on strengthening the Angelican Church.

Phillip II becomes king

Mar 6, 1580

Phillip II was a shy but serious ruler and was also very religious. He gained lots of wealth from the empire, and also helped Spain in different wars.

Chapter 22

Period: Mar 27, 1600 to Mar 27, 1800

English East India Company is founded

Dec 8, 1600

Not only began trading with India, but also took part in colonizing the sub-continent.

Dutch East India Company is Founded

Oct 18, 1602

Began European trade with the East and the British. They started to see the value of trade with those in the east.

Don Quixote de la Mancha

Mar 6, 1605

When this book was writting and published, it was considered to be the birth of the modern European novel.

Henry Hudson is last seen

May 10, 1611

His crew took over, still believing to find a passage through North America to India, they continued looking and hoping to make it through without Henry, who had already made so many important discoveries.

William Shakespeare dies

Apr 23, 1616

During Shakespeare's life, he become one of the best play writers of all time. Even after his death, all of his plays continued to grow in popularity, still being famous today.

Thirty Years' War

Mar 10, 1618

This war ended up weakening Spain, Austria, and the Holy Roman Empire, but it caused France to become stronger. All of the states now called eachother equal.

Cardinal Richelieu becomes leader in France

Mar 6, 1624

Cardinal Richelieu was a focused and ruthless leader. He wanted to make France very powerful, focusing mostly on making the government more powerful, by taking many different steps. Some of these steps included making the Huguenots vunerable, making the nobles weak, and finally by fighting the Hapsburgs.

Charles I becomes king

Mar 10, 1625

Charles always needed money, and when Parliament refused to give him funds, he would dissolve it. Eventually, Charles would sign the Petition of Right, setting the idea that the law was higher than the king.

Rene Descartes lays out his scientific method in Discourse on Method

Mar 27, 1637

When solving problems with different technologies or other things, even the smartest of scientists use the scientific method to go about figuring different things out.

Louis XIV takes control of the government

Mar 6, 1643

Finally taking over at the age of 23, Louis XIV would become the most powerful king that France has ever had, but because he was known for spending France's wealth on himself, and because he repressed many people, the French citizens celebrated when he died in 1715.

Oliver Cromwell becomes king

Mar 10, 1644

Cromwell would try to create a republican form of government, but it would eventually turn into a military dictatorship.

New Netherlands becomes New York

Nov 2, 1674

Britain's land claims were now connected to each other, allowing easier trade and communication between all colonies.

La Salle claims Mississippi River for Spain

Apr 9, 1682

Claiming the Mississippi River, gives you all the land that touches it. When La Salle claimed it, he ended up claiming almost half of the now 'United States'.

Isaac Newton published his laws of gravity in Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy

Mar 27, 1687

Created a question that is still controversal with many different religions, which is questioning whether or not God was/is necessary as an active force within the universe.

Glorious Revolution

Mar 10, 1688

The Glorious Revolution came from the overthrowing of James II. From this, a constitutional monarchy would be created, which would allow Parliament to later draft a Bill of Rights, which are a basis for lots of things involving the US government today.

Peter The Great goes on The Great Embassy

Mar 10, 1697

After becoming the sole czar, Peter worked to reform Russia, and to do this, he had to get it away from the feudalistic system, followed by creating the goal of westernization. In order to get an idea of what the west is doing, he went on this Great Embassy, which was tough being 6' 4" tall.

War of the Spanish Succession

Mar 6, 1701

This was a very costly war, but would end up coming to the signing of the Treaty of Utrecht, which allowed Phillip to have control of Spain as long as it stays separate from France.

St. Petersburg becomes capital

Mar 10, 1703

Finally gave Russia a western seaport to trade with Western Europe.

Voltaire is exiled to England

Mar 30, 1715

Because he was exiled, Voltaire became a firm believer in freedom of thought and expression. With of the impact of his thoughts, those ideas were put into our current Bill of Rights.

War of Austrian Succession (with Maria Theresa)

Mar 10, 1740

Frederick II thought he could easily take over Austria because Maria Theresa, a girl, was in power. Maria Theresa would actually go into the battlefield. She would eventually lose Silesia at the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle.

Frederick the Great begins his reign in Prussia

Mar 30, 1740

Frederick pushed to enlighten his people and to reform Prussia. He is an example, especially to leaders in America today to work to make their country better, throughout a lot of the country's struggles.

Anders Celsius creates his scale for measuring temperature

Mar 27, 1742

Outside of the United States, almost all of the world uses this scale to measure temperature.

Baron von Montesquieu purposed separation of power in On the Spirit of Laws

Mar 27, 1748

This separation of power is used within the governement/judicial system in today's times. This system doesn't let one specific group or branch gain too much power.

Seven Years' War begins

May 5, 1754

Forced Britain to put a lot of money into this war to keep the Ohio River Valley and the fur trade. This war put Britain into huge debt.

Mary Wollstonecraft is born

Apr 2, 1759

Mary would grow up to be one of the first women ever to fight for the rights that women should have, giving women later in history courage to get the same freedoms that the men today have. Women now can do absolutely everything that each and every other person can do in America.

End of the Seven Years' War (Treaty of Paris)

Mar 10, 1763

With the end of this war, France lost its colonies in North America, and Britain gained sole economic domination of India.

Cesare Baccaria writes against torture in On Crimes and Punishment

Mar 27, 1764

This allowed fairness with the punishments given to people. Doesn't allow someone to be punished severely for something small, but also keeps the punishment for those who did something terrible at the level that it should be.

Denis Diderot publishes the first volumes of his Encyclopedia

Mar 30, 1772

The Encyclopedia helped spread Enlightment ideas to people throughout Europe. These ideas included things about government which America uses today and also many ideas on different technologies which we use today. It also helped spread confidence in a future, allowing people to venture, creating a better place

Boston Tea Party

Mar 27, 1773

This event describes how Americans are today, it showed that people then weren't afraid to speak out for what they felt was right, and the same goes for people today. People want freedom, whether it be politically, religiously, etc., and they aren't afraid to go to great lengths to get it or at least let their voices be heard.

British Army and American Militia exchange fire at Lexington, Massachusetts

Apr 19, 1775

When these groups exchanged fire, it was the start of the Revolutionary War, which would lead to America gaining its freedom, which we still have today.

Declaration of Independence

Mar 27, 1776

The signing of this document gave freedom to America, allowing it to become its own country. We still have this freedom today.

Joseph II abolishes serfdom in Austria

Mar 30, 1785

Gave an example for today's world, showing that everyone should get paid for their work all the work that they do.

Delegates at the Constitution Convention sign the Constitution

Sep 17, 1787

The Constitution was and still is today the basis to our government. Everything that happens today within the government system is centralized around this document.