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Last member of the Carolingian family Louis the Sluggard died. Hugh Capet undistinguished duke from the middle of France succeed him. His family ruled only a small territory but at its heart stood Paris. Capet family ruled until 1328.
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France was divided into 47 territories.
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King Phillip II established bailiffs to preside over courts and collect taxes. He seized Normandy from King John in 1204 within 2 years had gained other territory. By the end of his reign he tripled the lands under his direct control.
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King Louis IX creates a French appeals court.
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Phillip IV adds Third Estate to the Estates General. In a quarrel with the pope. The pope refused to allow priest to pay taxes to the King. Phillip disputed the right of the pope to control the church affairs in his kingdom. As in England the French King usually called a meeting of his lords and bishops, when he needed support for his policies. To him wider support against the pope, Phillip IV decided to include to commoners in the meeting.
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Pope Boniface VIII attempted to enforce papal authority on Kings as previous popes had. When King Phillip IV of France asserted his authority over French bishops. Boniface responded with an official document. Stated that kings must obey popes.
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Phillip IV had the pope held prisoner rather than listening to him.
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Phillip IV persuaded the College of Cardinals to choose a French archbishop as the new pope. Clement V the newly selected pope moved from Rome to the city of Avignon in France. Popes would live there for the next 69 years.
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Pope Gregory XI died while visiting Rome.
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Joan of Arc leads the French to victory over the English at Orleans.
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Hundred year war ends with French victory.
