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Period: 1096 to 1291
Crusades are Fought
The Crusades was a holy war.
It was between Christians and Muslims.
The only good outcome was extended trade routes.
Pope Urban ll initiated the First Crusades.
there were 8 major Crusades. -
1300
renaissance Begins
The Renaissance began right after the Black Death.
The Renaissance in french is rebirth, this era was a rebirth of many things.
Renaissance was a time period full of learning and discovery.
Many great people came out at this time with amazing talents.
Change in art, learning and more -
May 24, 1337
100 year war begins
The 100 years war was between France and England.
It was caused over series of conflicts between the rulers of France and England.
One major reason was the status of the duchy of Guyana.
It belonged to the kings of England it remained a fief of the French crown.
The kings of England wanted independent possession. -
Oct 12, 1347
Black Death Begins in Europe
Black death originally spread through trading ships.
60 percent of Europe population was dead.
12 ships landed at the Messina port and bam.
The people had thought it was a curse from the gods.
The black plague was one thing that lead to the renaissance. -
Period: 1400 to
Slave trade
10 million Africans transported to Europe & Americas triangular trade route The Portuguese were the first to engage in the Atlantic slave trade Slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment. the people were considered merchandise or units of labour, and were sold at markets -
May 30, 1431
Joan of Arc burned at the stake
She was considered savior of France
She was a peasant girl.
She was burned for heresy.
She was 19 years old.
Took place during the hundred year war. -
1440
Johannes Gutenberg invents printing press
It was a revolution for printing.
First to have movable letters.
The Bible was the first book produced.
Made the spreading of information quick.
Gutenburg was also a goldsmith. -
May 29, 1453
Fall of Constantinople
After ten centuries of wars, Byzantine Empire ended when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks.
Ottoman Turks extended territories to include the Balkans + Anatolia.
Constantinople was a major Christian City.
Sultan Mehmed II was the one who ensured the fall of Constantinople. -
Nov 1, 1478
Start of the Spanish Inquisition
court for the detection of heretics hatred between Jews and Christians made inquisitors think their actions actually saved Jews from the hideous fate awaiting them in the underworld Spanish government and officials "needed" pure and unified Spanish-Christian race people were foreboded intermarriage between Christians or converts and Jews about 150,000 persons were charged with crimes by the Inquisition and it is believed 3,000–5,000 people were executed. -
Period: Jun 28, 1491 to Jan 28, 1547
King Henry VIII Reigns
Henry was the King of England.
He reigned up until his death
Known for having 6 marriages.
Henry initiated the English Reformation.
Radical changes to the English constitution. -
Oct 12, 1492
Christopher Columbus Lands in the New World
Europe was the New World so many riches that Spain was the wealthiest and most powerful nation 4 expeditions to the New World in his expeditions he discovered Caribbean islands, the Gulf of Mexico, and the South and Central American mainlands entitled to 10 percent of all the revenues from the new lands -
1503
Mona Lisa Completed
Da Vinci was the painter.
He started painted in Florence Italy.
She's one of the most valuable paintings on the world.
Nobody knows exactly who the paining is of.
He worked on the painting for 4 years. -
1508
Michelangelo begins painting Sistine Chapel
A ceiling painting in Apostolic Palace - official residence of the pope.
Set a example for renaissance art.
Michelangelo worked for 4 years on it.
Pope Julius insisted on him doing the painting.
Vatican City. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther posts 95 Theses
Martin nails 95 discontents with the church, on the church doors.
In latin because it was meant for church officials.
This act began protistans reformation.
He was a priest and scholar.
It was the day before the Feast of All Saints. -
Sep 13, 1521
Cortez Conquers the Aztecs
captured Montezuma the Spaniards destroyed the city, They built Mexico City right there. most of the Aztec civilization was destroyed with the European Spain Conquest. When Cortés arrived in Tenochtitlan he was welcomed with gifts and invited inside. -
1532
"The Prince"
The author was Machiavelli, an Italian diplomat.
First works of modern philosophy.
Written to win the favor of Lorenzo De Medici.
An extended analysis of how to acquire and maintain political power.
26 chapters in the book. -
Period: 1533 to 1547
Ivan the Terrible's Reign
at his coronation he named himself the 1st tzar of Russia Grand Prince of Moscow He left behind no papers, no letters, and hardly any documentation from his reign. killed his son + caused grandchild to be miscarried In Russian, he is known as Ivan Grozny, translating to Ivan the Great -
Period: Sep 7, 1533 to
Queen Elizabeths Reign
the last Tudor monarch
ruled England and Ireland
period of flourishing of English drama
She was reasonable mostly and avoided persecution.
England's defeating Spanish Armada = Elizabeth had once of greatest military victories in English history. -
Period: 1545 to
Counter Reformation
Called the Catholic reformation.
It began with the Council of Trent.
This reformation was a reaction to the Protestant Reformation.
closed with he 30 years' war. Reactionary defense of Catholic sacramental practice
Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration
Religious orders
Spiritual movements
Political dimensions -
1555
Peace of Augsburg
prince could pick their religion settlement with Holy Empire named Peace of Augsburg because it was signed in Augsburg could practice Catholic and Lutheran but Calvinists and others were ignored treaty between Charles V and Holy Roman Emperor -
Spanish Armada
130 ships
La Curuna to England
Duke Medina was in command of the armada
carried 2,500 guns and 30,000 men,
England won -
Edict of Nantes
signed by King Henry IV of France
granted the Calvinist/Protestant/Huguenots rights
Nation was catholic
ensured peace
temporary end to religious fights -
Period: to
Era of the Samurai
Samurais were Japanese soldiers
made up ruling military class which became the highest ranking social caste of the Edo Period.
Samurai used weapons such as bows and arrows, spears and guns, but their mainly known for their sword.
Samurai lead their lives according to the ethic code of bushido + practice Zen Buddhism. -
William Shakespeare's Death
retired from London around 1610 death is not known for sure theory that Shakespeare was sick for over a month before he died. died at 35 Some scholars noticed his signature looked shaky, giving evidence that he was weak. -
Petition of Rights
English constitutional document restrictions on non-Parliamentary taxation, forced billeting of soldiers, imprisonment without cause, and the use of martial law. written by Parliament overreach of authority by King Charles I parliament forced king to write it off -
King Charles (the first) Executed
He was a monarch of England, Scotland and Ireland executed for treason Parliament was for Oliver Cromwell and royalists for Charles Charles was a horrible monarch , bad with money He was beheaded in front of everyone in Whitehall -
Lord George Macartney Expelled
British statesman, colonial administrator + diplomat.
Most known for following Britain's success in the Seven Years War.
Believed to refuse to kowtow in the presence of the Qianlong Emperor therefore Chinese refused to trade. -
Period: to
Opium War
There was two wars and were mainly between Britain and China.
The first dealt with British trade in China from 1839 - 1842.
Second war is sometimes referred to as the "Arrow War" and went through 1856 - 1860.
The wars weekend the Qing dynasty and forced China to trade with other parts of the world.
