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Period: 1095 to 1291
Crusades are Fought
The fight war was the Christians vs. the Muslims. The main goal of the crusades was to control Jerusalem and the Holy Land. Both of theses places were considered sacred by both Christians and Muslims. Many girls would fight in the crusades. Only men were allowed so they dressed up as men to get into battle. -
1300
Renaissance Begins
The renaissance was also known as the rebirth. It was a time where science, technology, and modern art was changed forever. The renaissance started approximately in 1300 - 1700. During that time there were many inventions. Johanna Gutenberg invented the printing press. Religion was also changed. When the printing press was invented the bible was able to be printed and read worldwide. -
1337
100 Year War Begins
Was a conflict that pitted the kings and kingdoms of France and England against each other from 1337 to 1453. Two factors lay at the origin of the conflict. First, the status of the duchy of Guyenne though it belonged to the kings of England, it remained a fief of the French crown, and the kings of England wanted independent possession. Second, as the closest relatives of the last direct Capetian king Charles IV, who died in 1328, the kings of England from 1337 claimed the crown of France. -
1347
Black Death Begins in Europe
The black death is also known as the plague. The black plague was started by trade ships bringing rats to Europe. The rats ended up having fleas and getting everyone sick. The people believed it was due to sinning. Even church leaders would whop themselves "For God" -
May 30, 1431
Joan of Arc burned at the Stake
Joan of the Arc is considered a heroine of France. She is known for her role of leading the French army to victory over the English at Orleans. Joan was only eighteen when she led the French army. She was tried for witchcraft and heresy at age nineteen. Later, she was burned at the stake due to these reasons. -
1440
Johannes Gutenburg invents Printing Press
Johannes Gutenburg invented the printing press around 1440. The printing press applied pressure to ink then pushed the inked print onto a paper or cloth. This would cause letters or words to basically be stamped on to something. Printing press was known for the moveable type. Also, the printing press was known for expanding the accessibility of bibles and books. -
May 29, 1453
Fall of Constantinople
Before the siege began, the entire civilian population, including the priests, nuns, and monks, came out to refortify the walls.The siege of the City lasted 54 days. The Turks had an army of 80,000-100,000 men. Of that total, an estimated 15,000 were killed by the Turks. Some 30,000 were chained and dragged to the docks on the Golden Horn to be loaded onto ships. After the fall of Constantinople, many people escaped to Western Europe and helped create humanism and the Renaissance in Europe. -
Nov 1, 1478
Start of The Spanish Inquisition
The Spanish Inquisition lasted from 1478-1834. At this time it was known for their science, their philosophy, their politics, their identity, and their hope for salvation. Europeans by a power-hungry Church. The Inquisition brought order, justice, and compassion to combat rampant secular and popular persecutions of heretics. -
Period: 1492 to 1492
Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange was an exchange of goods between the Old and the New World. The Americas brought sweet potatoes, peppers, pumpkins, potatoes, and tomatoes. Europe brought cows, bananas, pears, onions, lemons, and garlic. With all these good there was also disease. Africa brought malaria and yellow fever to America. -
Aug 3, 1492
Christopher Columbus Lands in the New World
Christopher Columbus was an explorer from Italy. He is best known for the discovery of America. They used three ships for the long voyage on the ocean. On October 12, 1542 Columbus spotted land. After his findings, Columbus made 3 more voyages to the Americas. -
1506
Mona Lisa Completed
Mona Lisa was painted painted by Leonardo da Vinci. His painting took about four years to finish. Today, The Mona Lisa costs about 1 million dollars. It holds the record for having the highest insurance value. It is now located in the heart of Paris. -
1508
Michelangelo begins painting the Sistine Chapel
The Sistine Chapel was built by Pope Sixtus IV. The Sistine Chapels name derives from Chapels from Sixtus. The ceiling is completely painted with amazing art. Working on painting the Sistine Chapel was so unpleasant that Michelangelo wrote a poem about his misery. His masterpiece took four years to complete. -
Period: Apr 21, 1509 to Jan 28, 1547
King Henry Vlll Reign
King Henry challenged Martin Luther's 95 theses. This made the pope fond of him. King Henry wanted out of his marriage but the Pope wouldn't annul his divorce. Henry soon after messed around with many other girls because he wanted a boy. No woman gave him a boy except one but she died during child birth. -
1513
"The Prince"
is a 16th-century political treatise by the Italian diplomat and political theorist Niccolò Machiavelli. From correspondence a version appears to have been distributed in 1513, using a Latin title, De Principatibus. However, the printed version was not published until 1532, five years after Machiavelli's death. This was done with the permission of the Medici pope Clement VII. -
Oct 31, 1517
Martin Luther posts 95 Theses
Martin Luther was a man who didn't agree with indulgences causing sinners to become corrupt. He begins to question the Catholic churches indulgences. “The 95 Theses,” is a list of questions and propositions for debate. He posts his 95 Theses on the door of the chapel and begins major controversy. Later, the 95 theses became the foundation of the Protestant Reformation. -
1519
Cortez Conquers the Aztecs
Between 1519 and 1521 the Spanish, under the leadership of conquistador Hernan Cortés, conquered the Aztec Empire. Cortés arrived with around 500 men, 16 horses, and some cannon. He founded a small settlement that would eventually become the city of Veracruz. When Cortés arrives at Tenochtitlan, they kill Montezuma ll. This leading to the conquering of the Aztecs. -
Period: Aug 25, 1530 to
Ivan the Terrible’s Reign
Ivan was born in 1530 and acquired the throne in 1533 because his father suddenly died. Since his childhood he was pretty insane boy. He started torturing small animals and was drinking beer. He was only 8 years old during his mother’s death. He developed a deep hatred for the boyar class. He became suspicious of everyone around him because he believed they would turn on him. -
Period: Jul 7, 1533 to
Queen Elizabeth’s Reign
Reigned as Queen of England from 17th November 1558 to 24th March 1603. Remained a single, independent leader because she believed she would lose most her powers. Before she was queen, she was a political prisoner. She pioneered legislation to help feed the poor. She could speak many languages. -
Period: 1545 to 1563
Counter Reformation
Also called the Catholic Reformation. Was the period of Catholic resurgence initiated in response to the Protestant Reformation, beginning with the Council of Trent. Ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War in 1648. The Counter-Reformation was a comprehensive effort composed of five major elements. Reactionary defense of Catholic sacramental practice. Ecclesiastical or structural reconfiguration. Religious orders, and Spiritual movements. And finally Political dimensions. -
Sep 25, 1555
Peace of Augsburg
The Peace of Augsburg, was a treaty between Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and the Schmalkaldic League. The treaty was signed on September 1555. It officially ended the religious struggle between the two groups and made the legal division of the Holy Roman Empire, allowing rulers to choose either Lutheranism or Roman Catholicism as the official confession of their state. -
Spanish Armada
On May 28, 1588, the Spanish Armada set sail from Lisbon, Portugal, headed for England with 130 ships and 30,000 men. The English fleet significantly outnumbered the Spanish Armada. Many of the Spanish ships had to “cut and run” to escape the English fire ships at Calais. The Gulf Stream played a big part in the fate of the Armada. -
Edict of Nantes
The Edict of Nantes was created in 1598. This declared the Huguenots freedom of religion. They before had the decision to convert or die. Although, most of the time they would just be exiled. Before the Edict of Nantes huguenots were treated poorly and unfairly just for what they beleived in. -
Period: to
Era of the Samurai
Women were known to participate in combat along with their male counterparts. When remains from the site of the Battle of Senbon Matsubaru in 1580 were DNA-tested, 35 out of 105 bodies were female. The samurai armor was always designed for mobility. “Samurai” meant “those who serve in close attendance to the nobility.” -
William Shakespeare's Death
Shakespeare was born 26 April 1564, Stratford. Shakespeare wrote 38 play and 154 sonnets. His greatest plays include Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, Macbeth and Romeo and Juliet. Shakespeare’s popularity grew after the Romantic period and during the Victorian period. Shakespeare lived through the bubonic plague in London. Shakespeare has given 1,700 – 3,000 words to the English language. -
Petition of Rights
Petition of Rights was created in 1628. It was a statement of civil liberties sent by the English Parliament to Charles I. the Petition contains restrictions on non-Parliamentary taxation, forced billeting of soldiers, imprisonment without cause, and the use of martial law. -
Period: to
Slave Trade
The slave trade was a transatlantic voyage. The slave trade used mainly the triangular trade route and lasted from the 16th to the 19th centuries. Slaves were forced into holding pens before being loaded onto ships. The trans-atlantic journey was called the "Middle Passage". The ships were filthy, hot, and crowded. -
King Charles the First Executed
King Charles l became king do to the death of his older brother. Charles married a Roman Catholic. His decision to impose a tax, known as Ship Money was very unpopular. His disagreements with the parliament led to the English Civil War. His capture marked the end of the First English Civil War. Charles I is the only English king to be executed. -
Lord George McCartney Expelled
McCartney was a was a colonial administrator and diplomat. He led the Embassy to Beijing in 1792 with a large British delegation on board a 64-gun man-of-war. He was expected to lead an embassy to Japan after he completed his mission to China, but his hopes of being able to proceed to Japan were ended by the confirmation when he returned to Canton of news of the outbreak of war with France and consequently of the vulnerability of his ships to attack by French cruisers operating from Batavia. -
Period: to
Opium War
The First Opium War Began “The Century Of Humiliation”. The War Only Ended With An Unequal Treaty. The British Received Assistance From Other Countries. The Second Opium War ended in 1860, with the Chinese emperor’s brother signing a treaty when the emperor himself fled. The opium trade was fully legalized. Christians received full legal rights, as well as rights to evangelize and own Chinese land.
