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Italy
**Secular = worldy (not spiritual)
**Patrons = financial supporters
Thomas More: Ethiopia
(1440) Gutenberg Printing Press
Leonardo da Vinci
Niccolo Machiavella (1513): "The Prince" qualities of good ruler -
For God, Glory and Gold
**Mestizo: Spanish + Natives
Portugal
- Prince Henry (navigational school)
- Vasco da Gama (portugal --> india)
- Treaty of Tordesillas
Hernan Cortez (spanish)
- Aztecs, Mexico (montezuma)
Francisco Pizarro (Spanish
- Incas, Peru (Atahualpa) -
Turks ---> Byzantines
Capture constantinople
Suleyman 1
Muslims -
Drive Muslims from Spain (Early 1500s)
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Ferdinand II of Aragon & Isabella of Castile (1500 - 1516)
- religious court to find/punish heretics (Muslims/Jews) -
Guy de Chauliac: defended Jews
-
(1517) 95 Theses
Pope Leo X excommunicated
Charles V: "Edict of Worms"
**Protestant= protesting German princes
---> Peace of Augsburg (peace w/Charles V & Princes)
John Calvin --> Calvinism
John Knox --> Prexbyterians -
1st: Catherine of Aragon
2nd: Anne Boleyn
- wanted heir/remarry
- ended Pope's power -
Reformation
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Catholic
Henry VIII - Catherine of Aragon -
Protestant
Henry VIII - Jane Seymour -
Charles V
Spanish Armada (Catholic) -
(1558 - 1603)
Protestant (Anglican Church)
Spanish Armada
Elizabethan Age (Renaissance) -
Philip II (Spain) vs. ***Elizabeth I (England)
Catholic Protestant -
Jamestown, Virginia
Plymouth, MA (Pilgrims)
Fought Parliament