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War of 1812
Leanna Restani
Period 9 -
Pres. Madison takes office
The fourth president of the United States. Took office March 4, 1809. As president (1809–17), after the trade embargo against Great Britain, he led the nation into the War of 1812. He wanted to end the influence of the British among their Indian allies, who blocked the United States settlement in the Midwest around the Great Lakes. Madison found the war to be a nightmare, and the United States had no strong army. -
War Hawks take over...
They wanted war with Britain, and sadly, got it. Not many found in New England. The War Hawks were a group of about twenty Democratic Republicans who persuaded Congress into supporting a declaration of war against Britain. These young members from the South and the western U.S. were voted into the House during mid-term congressional elections in 1810. -
Relations with Britain Worsen
Their relations steadily got worse. The War of 1812 was a military conflict between the United States, the British Empire and their Indian allies which resulted in no territorial change, but a resolution of many issues which remained from the American War of Independence. The US declared war for several reasons, including trade restrictions brought about by Britain's ongoing war with France, the impressment of American merchant sailors into the Royal Navy, etc. -
Congress Declares WAR with Britain
British were still at war in Europe. But not opposing to this new war. On June 1, 1812, President James Madison sent a message to Congress recounting the nation’s grievances with Great Britain. Although the message did not overtly call for a declaration of war, it was understood by the members of Congress. The House of Representatives decided for four days behind closed doors before voting for a declaration of war by a vote of 79-39. The Senate approved the declaration by a vote of 19-13. -
America is NOT ready for WAR
Jefferson's cuts had weakened the military. The War of 1812 was the US's first war. They did not have a strong Navy and they were tight on money. The New Englanders didn't want to have the war because they didn't want to have more land belonging to the US. They thought that through the war we would gain land and through having all that extra land they would lose power. -
Britain Blockades American Ports (not good for trading)
The British made a blocade in the first days of war. By 1814, they had 135 warships blocking the ports. The Americans had stabbed them in the back while they, the British, were busy fighting a total war against the French Empire, directed by their most unliked enemy. Consequently the American war would be fought with whatever money, manpower and naval force that could be spared, no more than seven percent of the total British military effort. -
Invasion of Canada, part of British territory
War hawks always had wanted to invade Canada. When the troops entered, they soon retrated. The war created a greater sense of nationalism in Canada and the United States, it produced a national anthem and two future presidents for the U.S., and the war marked the end of European alliances with American Indians in the United States. General Sir Isaac Brock skillfully repulsed an American invasion of Canada, but his death was a severe loss for the British cause. -
USS Constitution (a ship) scores a VICTORY
Defeated the Guerriere, British warship. The USS Constitution is nicknamed "Old Ironsides". The U.S.S. Constitution left Boston, Massachusetts, on August 2 1812 for a raiding cruise off Nova Scotia, the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Newfoundland. Named by President George Washington after the Constitution of the United States of America, she is the world's oldest warship ever. -
Battle of Lake Erie
The Americans had more luck at Lake Erie. The commander, Oliver Hazard Perry, went on another ship and fought until the battle was won. The Battle of Lake Erie, sometimes called the Battle of Put-in-Bay, was fought on Sept 10 1813, in Lake Erie off the coast of Ohio during the War of 1812. This ensured American control of the lake for the rest of the war. It was one of the biggest naval battles of the War of 1812. -
Battle of Thames (don't ask)
The British lost this battle in Canada. Also known as the Battle of Moraviantown, was a United States victory in the War of 1812 against Great Britain. It took place on October 5, 1813, near present-day Chatham, Ontario in Upper Canada. It resulted in the death of the Shawnee chief Tecumseh. -
Battle of Horseshoe Bend
In 1813, Andrew Jackson defeated Creek warriors. In 1814, he defeated them again in this battle. Was fought during the War of 1812 in central Alabama. On March 27, 1814, United States forces and Indian allies under Major General Andrew Jackson defeated the Red Sticks, a part of the Creek Indian tribe who opposed American expansion, effectively ending the Creek War. -
Attack on Baltimore
The Battle of Baltimore was a combined sea/land battle fought. It was one of the turning points of the war as American forces repulsed sea and land invasions off the busy port city of Baltimore, Maryland, and killed the commander of the invading British army forces. The defense of Baltimore’s Fort McHenry in the battle inspired Francis Scott Key to compose the poem "Defence of Fort McHenry" which later became the lyrics for "The Star-Spangled Banner". -
D.C. Attacked & BURNED
The Burning of Washington in 1814 was an incident during the War of 1812 between the forces of Great Britain and those of the United States of America. On August 24, 1814, after defeating the Americans at the Battle of Bladensburg, a British force led by Major General Robert Ross occupied Washington, D.C. and set fire to many public buildings. The facilities of the U.S. government, including the White House and U.S. Capitol, were largely destroyed. -
Writing of the Star Spangled Banner (Home of the Brave)
Francis Scott Key wrote a poem about the U.S. flag. It was later set to music, and in 1931, it became the national anthem."The Star-Spangled Banner" is the national anthem of the United States of America. The lyrics come from "Defence of Fort McHenry", a poem written in 1814 by the 35-year-old lawyer and amateur poet, Francis Scott Key, after witnessing the bombardment of Fort McHenry by the British Royal Navy ships in Chesapeake Bay during the Battle of Fort McHenry in the War of 1812. -
Hartford Convention
The Hartford Convention was an event in 1814–1815 in Hartford, Connecticut, United States, in which New England Federalists met to discuss their grievances concerning the ongoing War of 1812 and the problems of the federal government's increasing power. Despite cries of protest among Federalists for New England secession and a separate peace with Great Britain. -
Treaty of Ghent
Britain was finally tired with war. The Treaty of Ghent , signed on Dec 24 1814, was the peace treaty that ended the War of 1812 between the United States and England. The treaty largely restored relations between the two nations to peace for good, with no loss of territory either way. The treaty was ratified by the UK on 30 December 1814. Because of slow communicacation it took weeks for news of the treaty to reach the U. S., so the Battle of New Orleans was fought after it was signed. -
Battle of New Orleans (where the best ports are)
The two sides fought one more battle. Gen. Andrew Jackson won a striking victory. The Battle of New Orleans took place on January 8, 1815 and was the final major battle of the War of 1812. American forces, commanded by Major General Andrew Jackson, defeated an invading British Army intent on seizing New Orleans and the vast territory the United States had acquired with the Louisiana Purchase.
