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Period: Jan 1, 1299 to
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire was a Muslim caliphate that was very powerful. The Ottoman were responsible for the fall of Constantinople. The Ottoman also allied with France, England and the Netherlands, and became an important part of European politics. In 1683, the Ottoman began to decline, but still was a significant part of Europe. -
Period: Jan 1, 1375 to
Songhai Empire
The Songhai Empire was a very important west African empire because it controlled the gold and salt trade. -
Period: Jan 1, 1420 to Jan 1, 1460
Prince Henry the Navigator
Prince Henry the Navigator never went to sea, but funded and sponsored many voyages to Africa. These voyages to the east African coast influenced a geography and navigation school also sponsored and established by Henry the Navigator. Because of Henry, Portugal became the leader of navigation in Europe during his time. -
Jan 1, 1441
Beginning of Portuguese Slave Trade
The Portuguese slave trade began in the year 1441. Because of the trade occuring on the western coast of Africa, merchants were drawn to the coast, forcing the trade throughout the Sahara to almost cease; ultimately, some if the interior states fell because of the lack of trade. Portugual also left it's name on some parts of Africa: Sierra Leon, Cape Verda, and El Mina to name a few. Also, Partuagual's interest in Africa drew other parts of Europe to Africa as well. -
Period: Jan 1, 1451 to Jan 1, 1481
Reign of Mehmed the Conquerer
Mehmed the Conquerer was the Ottoman sultan that conquered Constantinople and brought the Byzantine Empire to an end. He enlarged the Ottoman Empire and crusaded from Asia to Europe. -
Period: Jan 1, 1464 to Jan 1, 1492
Reign of Sunni Ali
Sunni Ali was Songhai's first king. He was a great military leader. He freed the Songhai capital of Gao from the Mali Empire, then overthrew it. -
Period: Nov 10, 1483 to Feb 18, 1546
Martin Luther [http://www.the-highway.com/95Theses.gif]
Matin Luther was a German Monk who was very influential in the starting of the Protestant Reformation. After writing the 95 Theses, he began the biggest revolt in the Christian religion. His 95 thesis caused a chain of reactions that would ultimately cause a division of unique religions, but all connected to Christianity. His belief in this reform was so strong, it can still be felt in today's world, where numerous of different Christian religions are what they are because of the reformation. -
Jan 1, 1488
Dias' Voyage into Indian Ocean
Dias was sent to the Indian Ocean to find a sea trade route to India. Although Dias never reached India, his route around Cape of Good Hope was very influential. He established a trade route from Europe to Asia and influenced military expansion of the Portuguese into Africa. -
Period: Aug 3, 1492 to Mar 4, 1493
Columbus' First Voyage
Columbus was sent on a voyage to find a faster route to the east, but ended up at the new world, even though he believed it was the east. His first voyage gained land in the new world for Spain, and there was a tension because of it with Portugal.Spain also gained some economical wealth. Along with that, he helped to start the Age of Discovery, where travelers would explore the world. http://www.travel-studies.com/sites/default/files/images/columbus first voyage.gif -
Dec 1, 1492
Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange was named after Columbus' voyage. The Columbian exchange is an exchange of goods and other things from Europe to the new world, and vice versa. The significance of the Columbian Exchange is that agriculture was exchanged and made each land more abundant than it originally was. Because Smallpox was also introduced to the new world, the population of the new world significantly decreased, but throughout time, natives became somewhat immune to the foriegn disease. -
Period: Jan 1, 1502 to
Safavid Empire
The Safavid empire was important because they made Shi'a Islam the official religion of the empire. They also influenced Iran to be Shi'a, which it still is today. -
Period: Jul 10, 1509 to May 27, 1564
John Calvin
John Calvin was a theologian who converted from Catholocism to Protestantism. Even though he was in fact a Protestant, he believed in the church; he believed the church and state should not be seperate. With all his strict beliefs, he established the religion of Calvanism, and also reformed the city of Geneva. Because of the strict reformation in Geneva, Geneva sent missionaries to Nathelands, Scotland, and Germany to convert residents to Calvanism and introduce them to reformations. -
Period: Mar 4, 1519 to Jan 1, 1521
Spanish Conquest of Mexico
The Spanish Conquest of Mexico was driven from Spain's interest to conquer new lands. Hernan Cortez invaded the Aztec Empire and claimed Mexico as Spain's. Once the Spanish conquered Mexico, colonies were established in the new world and Spain had an influence in Europe as well as in the new world, which can still be felt in today's world. -
Period: Mar 4, 1519 to Jan 1, 1520
Montezuma
Montezuma was the Aztec ruler when the Spanish conquistadors invaded. Believing the Spaniards were devine, Montezuma welcomed them with gifts. To Montezuma's surprise, the Spanish conquered the Aztec and claimed Mexico as their own. Because of Montezuma's ignorance, Mexico now belongs to Spain, and the Aztecs are no longer. -
Period: Jan 1, 1520 to Jan 1, 1566
Reign of Suleiman the Magnificent
Suleiman the Magnificent was an Ottoman sultan who was very important to the Ottoman Empire. He reconstructed the Ottoman legal system and is in some places called the Lawgiver. Under his rule, the Ottoman also help control over the Mediterranean, Red Sea, and Persian Gulf. -
Period: Jan 1, 1526 to
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was a Muslim Empire in the Middle East that conquered a lot of India. This was an important empire because they used their conquered land to flow trade from China through Eurasia (conquered India and the Middle East) to the Mediterranean. The Mughal became an important part of trade and flourished because of their Indian counterpart. -
Period: Oct 15, 1542 to
Reign of Akbar
Akbar was the third Mughal emperor. He expanded the Mughal empire and promoted religious tolerance, justice, art and culture. Because he was a big believer in religious tolerance, he promoted it to his Muslim people. Akbar was the reason Hindus and Muslims could work together and tolerate one another. -
Period: Jan 1, 1545 to Jan 1, 1563
Council of Trent
The council of Trent was established in the Roman Catholic Church. Bishops and theologians discussed topics such as Protestantism and the Counter Reformation. The Council of Trent was very important because Jesuits were sent to try counter the reformation and try to convert Europeans into Catholics during the time of the Protestant Reformation. -
Period: Nov 15, 1564 to
Galileo Galilei
Galileo was a physisist, astronomer, and mathemitician who had a very big significance on not only the European world in the 17th century, but the entire world. He made meticulous observations that would later influence Isaac Newton's gravity breakthrough. With his perfected telescope, he also made observations of planets that would support Copernicus' theory. Galileo's perfected telescope also proves to be one of the many inventions that is responsable for our knowledge of the universe today. -
Period: to
Tokugawa Shogunate
The Tokugawa Shogunate was a dictated period in which the Tokugawa family ruled Japan. The shogunate included a very rigid caste system and incredible social unrest. Taxes were set very high, and inflation occured, which contributed to its decline. Even though there was an emperor, the shoguns controlled Japan. -
Period: to
30 Year's War
The 30 Year's War was a war between most of Europe, mostly the central. It was begun because of religious disputes between Protestants and Catholics in the Holy Roman Empire. Some consequences were the decentralization of the Holy Roman Empire, decline of the power of the Catholic church and the decline of feudalism. http://courseweb.stthomas.edu/paschons/language_http/courses/IDSC29001S99/coursemaps/30yearswarmap.gif -
Period: to
John Locke
John Locke had an incredible impact on the European and new worlds. His view on human nature and self government are a very important part of history. His views and ideas inspired many things such as the Declaration of Independence and the American Constitution. He also inspired both the French and the American Revolutions, along with America's government structure. -
Manchus Empire
The Manchu were people who were of Jurchen descent. After the Han, the Manchu were the ones who rose the Qing to power and that's why they are important. -
Period: to
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was established by the Munchus people. The Qing Dysnasty was the very last empire in China; it will soon be followed by the Republic of China. The Qing also brought China together by strenghtening its heritage. -
Period: to
Peter the Great
Peter the Great was the ruler of the Russian Empire. He dedicated his life and leadership to bring Russia out from isolation and more into the world. He also made various attempts to move Russia away from the Asian world and culture, and make Russia more western. He also wanted to increase the size and power of Russia. -
England's Glorious Revolution
England's Glorious Revolution was a revolution when William of Orange overthrew King James II of England. Along with a new monarch, England recieved a new government. The absolute monarchy that was sent in place before was replaced with a constitutional monarchy. A constitutional monarchy is one in which the parliament holds more power than the single monarch. The revolution lasted a year, from the year 1688 to the year 1689. -
Period: to
Russian Empire
The Russian empire was a very diverse place with Asian and some western cultures. Religion, though, caused tension throughout the empire. Transformations occured, but it caused reduced peasent freedom. Becauase of Peter the Great's intrest to westernize Russia brought trade and diffusion.
