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Jan 1, 656
Utman was Assasinated
Utman was assasinated and succeeded by Ali, who ha a more radical view of the Islamic faith. Under Ali, the soldiers of the Islamic Empire fought thorugh Egypt and North Africa. -
Period: Jan 1, 656 to Jan 1, 661
First Muslim Civil War
Sunni/Shia division resulted in the first Muslim civil war. -
Jan 1, 661
First Umayyad Caliph
Mu'awiyah then established himself as the first Umayyad Caliph. -
Jan 1, 661
Ali was Assasinated
Ali was assasinated. Bitter religious and political struggle between Sunnis, and the followers of Ali, the Shiites. The Sunnis won, and established the Umayyad dynasty, its capital of Damascus in Syria. -
Jan 1, 661
Damascus
Capital to Damascus -
Period: Jan 1, 661 to Jan 1, 750
Rule of Umayyads
Umayyads ruled Mulsim Empire. -
Period: Jan 1, 661 to Jan 1, 750
Mulsim Empire Expanded
Muslim Empire Expanded. -
Period: Jan 1, 674 to Jan 1, 678
Romans Stop Attacks on Constantinople
Romans stopped Islamic attacks against Constantinople -
Jan 1, 680
Assasination of Hussein at Karbala
Assasination of Hussein at Karbala. -
Jan 1, 685
Arabic Official Language
Abd al-Malik (caliph) solved language problem by declaring Arabic official language across Empire. -
Jan 1, 691
Dome of the Rock
Completion of the Dome of the Rock. -
Jan 1, 696
Currency
Coins standardized by wheight and appearance, used across empire. -
Jan 1, 711
Armies Crossed the Straights of Gibraltar
After Ali's death in 661 the armies continued and crossed the Straights of Gibraltar to attack Spain. Mulsims conquer the Iberian Peninsula. (Conquest of Spain took 7 years) -
Jan 1, 717
Romans Stop Attacks Again
Romans stopped Roman attacks again. -
Jan 1, 732
France Turns Back Attacks
Charles Martel (leader of the Franks), grandfather of Charlemagne, turned back a series of Islamic raids into France at the Battle of Tours. -
Jan 1, 732
Battle of Tours
Defeat at the Battle of Tours in France by Charles Martel. -
Jan 1, 750
Overthrown
Overthrown by Abbasid faction. -
Jan 1, 750
Umayyad Dynasty Overthrown
The Abbasid faction from eastern Iran overthrows Umayyad dynasty. -
Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1258
Abbasid~-Seljuq Empire
Rule of Abbasid-Seljuq Empire. -
Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1492
Muslim Spain
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Jan 1, 751
Arabs Win Battle Against Chinese
Arabs won great battle against Chinese in 751 but border stayed about the same from then on. -
Jan 1, 751
Paper is introduced to the West
Arab defeat of chinese army introduces paper to the west. -
Jan 1, 755
Cordoba
Cordoba established as Abd al Rahman's capital. -
Jan 1, 762
Baghdad Becomes Capital
Baghdad becomes the Abassid capital. -
Jan 1, 785
Great Mosque of Cordoba
Construction began on the Great Mosque of Cordoba. -
Period: Jan 1, 813 to Jan 1, 833
Reign of Al-Ma'mun
Reign of Al-Ma'mun, founder of the House of Wisdom -
Period: Jan 1, 822 to Jan 1, 852
Abd al-Rahman II
Reign of Abd al-Rahman II. -
Jan 1, 850
Death of Al Khwarizmi
Death of Al Khwarizmi. -
Jan 1, 929
Abd al-Rahman III
Abd al-Rahman III takes the title of caliph. -
Jan 1, 1000
Shahnameh was Published
Shahnameh ("Book of Kings") was published. -
Jan 1, 1025
Canon of Medicine Written
Ibn Sing's Canon of Medicine was written. -
Jan 1, 1031
End of Umayyad Dynasty
End of Umayyad dynasty. -
Jan 1, 1055
Sejuq Turks gain control of Baghdad
Sejuq Turks gain control of Baghdad. -
Period: Jan 1, 1096 to Jan 1, 1204
Crusades
Cruasdes (represents the four major Crusades, not the less important earlier and later religious wars). -
Period: Jan 1, 1101 to Jan 1, 1200
A Thousand and One Nights
A Thousand and One Nights first compiled. -
Period: Jan 1, 1126 to Jan 1, 1198
Ibn Rushd
Life of Ibn Rushd, Averroes. -
Jan 1, 1187
Saladin recaputures Jerusalem
Saladin recaputures Jerusalem. -
Jan 1, 1204
Death of Maimonides
Death of Maimonides. -
Jan 1, 1258
Mongols Invade Baghdad
Mongols invade Baghdad , ending the Abbasid-Sejuq dynasty. -
Period: Jan 1, 1301 to Jan 1, 1400
Alhambra Palace
Completion of Alhambra Palace in Granada. -
Jan 1, 1492
End of Muslim Rule in Spain
End of Muslim Rule in Spain.