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Perhaps the most immediate effect of Rome's fall was the collapse of trade and commerce. The large trade in goods regulated and controlled by the Romans collapsed.
Rome faced many problems that enabled the fall of the Roman Empire. The three main problems that caused Rome's fall were the barbarian invasion of the mass emigration, an unstable government, and sheer laziness and carelessness.
Run of the Empire:
Destruction by Thomas Cole (1836). Paintings from secondary sources -
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This battle stopped Islam's advance north from the Iberian Peninsula, and, by most historians, stopped Islamic conquests and was the dominant faith in Europe during the period in which Islam conquered the ruins of ancient Rome. It is considered important by most historians because it maintained Christianity. and the Persian Empire.
Charles de Steuben (Public Domain), secondary source -
He founded the Holy Roman Empire, inspired Europe's economy and politics, and fostered a cultural renaissance known as the Carolingian Renaissance. Charlemagne is called the "Father of Europe" because he united most of Western Europe for the first time since the classical age of the Roman Empire, as well as parts of Europe that were not under Frankish or Roman rule. -
This treaty marked the first stage in the dissolution of the Charlemagne Empire and heralded the formation of the modern states of Western Europe. Treaty of Verdun (French:
Traité de Verdun) was agreed in August 843 to divide the Frankish kingdom into his three kingdoms, among the surviving sons of Charlemagne's son and his successor, Emperor Louis his I. bottom.
Secondary source image of the Verdun Treaty from http:
//epicworldhistory.blogspot.com/2012/09/treaty-of-verdun.html -
With the victory of William the Conqueror, the Norman ruling class was imposed and customary law was introduced. Many castles, cathedrals, monasteries, and churches were built extensively in a massive building campaign aimed at consolidating and emphasizing Norman rule.
Norman Knights at the Battle of Hastings, Bayeux tapestry (c.1090) Primary source/ Secondary Source -
Its purpose was to reclaim the holy land from Islamic rule. Jerusalem had been under Muslim rule for hundreds of years, but the Seljuk occupation of the region in the 11th century threatened local Christians, Western pilgrims, and the Byzantine Empire itself. increased presence and cultural identity.
Secondary source painting by Frédéric Chopin (1804) -
This document guarantees the baron's ancient rights.
No new taxes will accrue unless the co-counsel agrees. Every free man has the right to justice and a fair trial by a jury. A monarch does not have absolute power. In the words of UK Parliament "Magna Carta is significant because it is a statement of law that applied to the kings as well as to his subjects."
Primary source image of Magna Carter (British Library, London) -
The most obvious consequence of the Hundred Years' War was that both France and England were determined to avoid resuming a struggle in which both sides had wasted manpower and resources with no gain whatsoever. In both countries, rulers and populace eagerly turned to other projects.
Secondary source, painting depicting Edward III. when crossing the Somme. -
In 1346, trade most likely sparked a deadly bubonic plague known as the "Black Death" that killed up to half of all Europeans within seven years. The Black Death, or bubonic plague, killed over 25 million people in 14th-century Europe. But it also brought great advances in medicine.
Secondary source figure from the Wellcome Library, London, bubonic plague doctor. -
Columbus' voyage to the Americas paved the way for European nations to colonize and exploit them and their peoples. Trade was soon established between Europe and America. Plants native to America (potatoes, tomatoes, tobacco, etc.) were imported to Europe.
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