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Period: 200 to
Maya Civilization
Advances such as writing, epigraphy, and the calendar did not originate with the Maya; however, their civilization fully developed them. -
Period: 224 to Jan 1, 651
Sasanid Empire
The Sassanid Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognized as one of the two main powers in Western Asia and Europe, alongside the Roman Empire and its successor, the Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years. -
Period: 306 to Jan 1, 1453
Constantinople
Imperial City to the roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Latin Empire, and Ottoman Empire. One of the wealthiest cities throughout the entirety of the Middle Ages. The Sack of Constantinople during the Crusades led to the destruction of many invaluable artifacts and scripts. Constantinople fell during the Ottoman siege of the city, and it was renamed Istanbul. -
Period: 330 to Jan 1, 1453
Byzantine Empire
The Eastern portion of the Roman Empire after the split of the east and west. Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire. Empire fell to the Ottomans in 1453, after the fall of Constantinople. The Siege of Constantinople during the 4th Crusade was a big contributor to the empire's downfall, as it never truly recovered from the economic damage. -
Jan 1, 622
Foundation Of Islam
It is a monotheistic religion. -
Jan 1, 661
Split between Sunni and Shi'ite
The split between the two main branches of Islam is nearly 1,400 years old, and started with a fight over who should lead the faithful after the prophet Muhammad's death in 632. One side believed that direct descendants of the prophet should take up the mantle of the caliph – the leader of the world's faithful. They were known as the Shiat-Ali, or "partisans of Ali," after the prophet's cousin and son-in-law Ali, whom they favored to become caliph. In time, they came simply to be known as Shiite -
Period: Jan 1, 661 to Jan 1, 750
Umayyad Caliphate
the second of the four major Arab caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. At its greatest extent, it covered more than five million square miles, making it one of the largest empires the world had yet seen, and the fifth largest contiguous empire ever to exist. -
Period: Jan 1, 711 to
Muslims Conquer Spain
The Umayyad Caliphate reached it's widest extent, and retained control over all of the Iberian Peninsula, all the way into southern France. Control over the peninsula ended after the Christian Reconquista. Muslim rule ended in 1492, with the Treaty of Granada. After loss of power in the Ummayad Caliphate, the Caliphate of Cordoba was founded in Spain, however it lasted for a relatively short time. -
Period: Jan 1, 742 to
Charlemagne
Was the king of the Franks who started the Holy Roman Empire. -
Period: Jan 1, 750 to Jan 1, 1513
Abbasid Caliphate
the third of the Islamic caliphates. It was ruled by the Abbasid dynasty of caliphs, who built their capital in Baghdad after overthrowing the Umayyad caliphs from all but the Al Andalus region. -
Period: Jan 1, 1017 to Jan 1, 1325
Selijuk Turks
The Seljuks were a Turkish tribe from Central Asia. They poured into Persia and established their first powerful state, called by historians the Empire of the Great Seljuks. -
Period: Mar 1, 1095 to Jan 1, 1293
Crusades
First Crusade 1095–1099
Second Crusade 1147–1149
Third Crusade 1187–1192
Fourth Crusade 1202–1204
Albigensian Crusade 1209
Children's Crusade 1212
Fifth Crusade 1217–1221
Sixth Crusade 1228–1229
Seventh Crusade 1248–1254
Eighth Crusade 1270
Ninth Crusade 1271–1272 -
Period: Jan 1, 1138 to Mar 4, 1193
Saladin
Kurdish Muslim Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria led Muslims against crusaders and recaptured Palestine At the height of his power, he ruled over Egypt, Syria, Mesopotamia, Hejaz, and Yemen -
Period: Jan 1, 1162 to Jan 1, 1227
Genghis Khan
Founder, and ruler of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death. Started the Mongol Invasions. Promoted religious tolerance through out his empire. Decreed the adoption Uyghur script as the Mongol Empire's writing system. -
Period: Jan 1, 1206 to Jan 1, 1324
Mongol Invasions
Mongol invasions throughout Eurasia led by Genghis Khan and his descendents. Led to establishment of the Golden Horde, Yuan Empire, and llkhanate. -
Period: Jan 1, 1206 to Jan 1, 1327
Delhi Sultanate
Is a term used to cover five short-lived Islamic kingdoms or sultanates of Turkic origin in medieval India, which ruled from Delhi between 1206 and 1526, when the last was replaced by the Mughal dynasty. The five dynasties were the Mamluk dynasty (1206–90), the Khilji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1413), the Sayyid dynasty (1414–51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526). -
Jun 15, 1215
Magna Carta
Is one of the most celebrated documents in English history. It solved, at the time, a conflict between King John and his main men: the barons and bishops. It had great influence on later English law. In the longer term, it is recognised as a cornerstone of the idea of the liberty of citizens. -
Period: Jan 1, 1235 to Jan 1, 1493
Mali Kingdom
Grew to be larger than Ghana.The new king, Sundiata, was very young and smart, the first thing he did was restore trade. He expanded the empire and controlled. And his son continued his legacy. And afterwards, his grandson Mansa Musa is known for his great adventures. -
Period: Jan 1, 1250 to Jan 1, 1517
Mamluks
A soldier of slave origin in Muslim societies. Became a powerful military caste, particularly in Egypt. eized the sultanate for themselves in Egypt and Syria in a period known as the Mamluk Sultanate. Fought back and beat the Mongols and the Crusaders. -
Period: Jan 1, 1300 to
Renaissance
"Rebirth" of Greco-Roman culture in the arts and intellectual pursuits. -
Period: Apr 11, 1300 to
Aztec Civilization
Civiliation in central Mexico. Polytheists. The last great Mesoamerican culture before the Europeans arrived. -
Period: Jan 1, 1312 to Jan 1, 1337
Mansa Musa
Was one of the greatest Mali rulers. He created his own capital(which also made an important trading center), and expanded the empire,He is mostly remembered for his famous pilgrimage to Mecca, which took place surrounded by stupendous splendour -
Period: Apr 8, 1336 to Feb 18, 1405
Timur
fourteenth-century conqueror of Western, South and Central Asia, founder of the Timurid Empire and Timurid dynasty -
Period: Jan 1, 1337 to Jan 1, 1453
Hundred Years War
Huge war over who should rule France between people who held claimto the french throne and people who held claim to the french and english throne. -
Period: Jan 1, 1368 to
Ming Empire
Last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic Hans. Navy surpassed any other in size. Many great construction projects (like reconstuction of Grand Canal and Great Wall). Strife among ministers and corruption in the court contributed to the demise of this empire. -
Period: Jan 1, 1371 to Jan 1, 1435
Zheng He
was a Hui-Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat and fleet admiral, who commanded voyages to Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and East Africa, collectively referred to as the "Voyages of Zheng He" or "Voyages of Cheng Ho" from 1405 to 1433. Zheng He also knew how to speak Arabic and Chinese. -
Jan 1, 1436
Guetenberg Press
Gutenberg made skillful use of the knowledge of metals he had learned as a craftsman. He was the first to make type from an alloy of lead, tin, and antimony, which was critical for producing durable type that produced high-quality printed books and proved to be much better suited for printing than all other known materials. Gutenberg is also credited with the introduction of an oil-based ink which was more durable than the previously used water-based inks. As printing material he used both paper -
Period: Jan 22, 1440 to Oct 27, 1505
Ivan III
Ruler who greatly extended Russian territory, ended tribute payments to the Mongols, and married the niece of the last Byzantine emperor, thus making possible claim to the Byzantine succession. -
Period: Apr 8, 1493 to
Songhai Kingdom
One of the largest Islamic empires in history. -
Establishment of Holy Roman Empire
The collection of city-states come under an alligence and work as an empire, rather than seperate countries. -
Period: to
Sui Empire
Dynasty that unified China in 6th Century. Construction of the Grand Canal under the reign of Emperor Wein of Sui. After the emperor died, his son took over and overexerted himself soon after, he began to meddle with the politics and military affairs which with bad luck ended with the government being bankrupt and much rebellion. Soon after the emperor was assassinated and a new emperor took over and began the Tang dynasty. -
Period: to Jan 1, 1279
Song Empire
It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or paper money, and it was the first goverment to have a pemanent standing navy. This dynasty also saw the first known use of gunpowder, as well as first discernment of true north using a compass. The Song Dynasty is divided into two periods, Northern Song (when the capital was in Biajing) and the Souther Song (when the Song lost control of northern China to the Jin Dynsaty) The Song lost contol of Yellow River, but OK economy -
Period: to
Tang Empire
Founded by the Li family after the collapse of the Sui empire. This empire is generally regarded as the high point in chinese civilization, it was the golden age of cosmopolitan culture. It featured two of Chinese major prosperity periods, the Zhen'guan Prosperity (Tang Taizong) and Kaiyuan Prosperity (Tang Xuanzong's early rule). The Tang Empire was full of progress and stalibility but by the ninth century it was declining, but its art and culture continued to flourish. height-50 million people -
Period: to Jan 1, 1349
Kievan Russia
Disintigration of the Medieval sate possibly due to Mongol Invasion. Saw the creation of the first East Slavic written legal code, the Russkaya Pravda. Period contained the rules of Vladimir the Great and his son Yaroslav I the Wise. Period in which Christianity became the official state religion. -
Period: to Apr 8, 1235
Ghana Kingdom
It was the earliest of the west African states to develop.It was a large city with many fine houses, buildings and markets, as well as rich palm trees and henna plantations. El Bekri, another Arab historian, talks about armies of 200,000 warriors, including 40,000 with bows and arrows, governed by a king called Tunka Manin.
It took the Almoravids fourteen years to conquer Ghana and take its capital. This was made up of two cities nine km apart with houses in between.