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Henry II ruled England. He strengthened the royal courts of justice by sending royal judges to every part of England at least once a year. They collected taxes, settled lawsuits, and punished crimes.
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One of the most powerful Capetians was Philip II this is when he ruled.
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John ruled the brother of Richard the lion hearted.He failed as a military leader earning the nickname John Softsword.He lost all of his land including Normandy and Northern France to the French under Philip Augustus.
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The most celebrated document in English history was made, the magna carta.This guaranteed certain politcal rights.
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France became very strong under the reign of Louis IX, Philip II grandson.
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Philip IV ruled France when he got into a quarrel with the Pope. The Pope refused to allow priests to pay taxes to the king. Philip would dispute the right of the Pope's control.
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Knights, burgesses, bishops, and lords met together in Westminster, London to form the model parliment.
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Pope Boniface VIII attempted to enforce papal authority on Kings. He created a document stating that kings must always obey popes.
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Philip IV persuaded the College of Cardinals to choose a French archbishop as the new pope.Clement V the new pope moved from Rome to the city of Avignon. The Popes would live there for the next 69 years.
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The war that Edward III launched for the throne continued on and off. It became known as the Hundred Years War.
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The English were outnumbered 3-1 in a battle and came out with a victory.
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A fleet of Genoese merchant ships arrived in Sicily carrying bubonic plauge.
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The Council of Constance attempted to end the Great Schism by choosing a single pope.The council forced 3 popes to resign. Jan Hus was seized by church leaders and tried as a heretic.
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Jan Hus was burned at the stake.
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The French signed a treaty that Henry V would inherit the French crown upon the death of the French king Charles VI.
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The French rallied and drove the English out of France entirely, except for the port of Calais.
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A teenage peasant girl named Joan of Arc felt moved by god to rescue France from its English conquerors.
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Joan was burned at the stake.
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The twin pillars of the medieval world, religous devotion and the code of chivalry, both crumbled