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Coup de Brumaire
Napoleon overtakes the French Directory. Through the support of the French people he creates the French Consulate. -
Napoleon elected First Consul
Napoleon was originally intended to hold this position for 10 years. -
Treaty of Lunéville
Austria is forced to sign a treaty with the French after being defeated in the Battle of Marengo. The terms of Campo Formio were established again. -
Concordant of 1801
The Concordant was a document signed by Napoleon acknowledging Catholicism as the major religion of France. Agreement with Pope Pius VII and Napoleon that brought back the church's civil status into society. -
Peace (Treaty) of Amiens
England, abandoned by the countries that supported it during the Second Coalition was forced to sign this treaty in the hopes of reaffirming peace friendship and good understanding between the British and the French people. The Peace of Amiens only lasted about a year. -
Napoleon appoints himself First Consul for Life
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The Introduction of the Civil (Napoleonic Code)
The Napoleonic Code was the set of rules ordered by Napoleon. The most significant reforms of the Napoleonic Code were in economics and society. The code was based on equality, meaning the abolishment of privileges due birth and status, the freedom of religion and encouraged jobs to go to the most qualified, by establishing state-run schools. -
Napoleon established himself as Emperor of the French
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Austria and Britain formed the Third Coalition
This alliance was created to challenge the ever-increasing French dominance. -
Battle of Trafalgar
A significant defeat suffered by Napoleon. England was able to destroy the invading Spanish and French ships. This battle confirmed England's dominance over the seas. -
Treaty of Pressburg
Austria withdrew with the Third Coalition, paid indemnities to France. Austria also gave land to German allies as well as Venice to Italy. -
The Berlin Decrees
Issued by Napoleon, forbiding the import/exports of British goods with any of France's allies. This done in an effort to ruin Britain's economy and commerce. The Berlin Decrees initiated the Continental System. -
Treaty of Tilsit
An agreement signed by Russia, Prussia and France. Notably Russia agreed to join the Continental System in exchange for help conquering the Ottoman Empire. -
The Peninsular War
This war can be defined as a major conflict in the Napoleonic Era. It was fought on the Iberian Peninsula. It was fought by the Spanish-British alliance against the French. The Peninsular war was caused by the French invading Portugal and later Spain to enforced the Continental System. In August the English and the Spanish working together were able to drive out the French out of Portugal. -
The formation of the Fifth Coalition
The once-again combined forces of Austria and Britain challenge Napoleon once again in 1809. -
Treaty of Schönbrunn
Another treaty signed by Austria after their defeat against the French army in 1809. The terms were that Austria hand to give up lands either to France, Poland or Bavaria, they had to pay indemnities and had to join the Continental System.. -
Invasion of Russia by France
After Russia withdrew from the Continental Systeml, Napoleon prepared to invade Russia in an effort ot subdue their powers and eliminate the country as a potential threat. They underestimated the Russia, who used the Scorched Earth Policy. They evacuated and burn the land/buildings in an effort to leave little or nothing of use to the French army. -
Napoleon's Army occupies Moscow
At this time most of the Russian citizens had fled for cover in the countryside. Even more so, the city was set on fire by the remaning inhabitants, employing the Scorched Earth Policy. There was little left for French army in terms of provisions so they suffered from disease and great loss. -
Quadruple Alliance
Formed between Austria, Prussia, Russia and Britain. The aims of this alliance was to restore the monarchy in France by appointing Louis XVIII as King. Also Napoleon was exiled to an island called Elba and the treaty of Paris was signed and defined France to specific political territories. -
Formation of the Sixth Coalition
Comprising of Britain, Austria, Russia, Sweden and German states who saw the weakened state of the French army due to the failed Russian invasion and took this as their chance to defeat France. -
Battle of Leipzig
The combined forces of the Sixth Coalition came together to defeat Napoleon and the French army. Due to the diminished forces of the French, Napoleon was hopelessly outnumbered by the alliance of the nations and was consequently and quickly defeated. -
Congress of Vienna Begins
The Congress of Vienna was a conference in Austria that sought out to settle political and territorial questions that arose as a result of Napoleon's conquest and the restoration of power to Europe. It was guided by: The Balance of Power, Legitimacy, Buffer States, Conservatism. -
Napoleon escapes his exile
Napoleon escaped Elba because his captors weren't very attentive and he was simply able to sail back to France. -
Napoleon returns to France
While in France, he convinced the guards ordered to capture him to join him in his efforts. King Louis XVIII, hearing of Napoleon's return flees, leaving the state for Napoleon's taking. -
Period: to
The Hundred Days
The Period of Napoleon's return from exile to his second banishment and restoration of the monarchy. -
Battle of Waterloo
Napoleon who had returned to France, was trying to re-establish his dominance over Europe and in doing so he invaded Belgium. At the Battle of Waterloo, the British led by Wellington defeated Napoleon and his army and Napoleon was taken into custody once again. -
Napoleon is exiled to St. Helena
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Carlsbad Decrees
The Carlsbad were law that established censorship and restricted freedom of speech. Laws were passed in the effort to suppress the ever-growing liberalism and nationalism in the German states. -
Napoleon dies
Napoleon died after a six year exile in St Helena due to stomach cancer.
