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Muhammad decomes ill and dies.
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Some groups thought that their loyalty was only to Muhammad, so after he died Abu Bakr has to try and reunite the people. He was father to one of Muhammad's wives. this was a crucial time period because many groups were trying to break away. He used wisdom and toleration to complete unification of Arabia.
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Umar become the Second Caliph in 634, and he died in 644 because he was stabbed to death by Persian prisoner of war.
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Abu Bakr was murdered.
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Ghazu rades came to a new height. Abrads got a living out of these rades. Muhammad had said that you can't attack another Muslim community. they turned the rades against non-Muslims. after this the Arabs pushed into the North and West into the Persian Emipre.
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Uthman's time a Caliph. the came into power in 644, and he died in 656 becuase a group of Arab soldiers were unhappy with him playing favorites. They broke into his house and killed him.
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Ali was killed in 661.
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He married one of Muhammad's daughters. He had weak character, but governed well. During this time Muslims underneath uthman gained new territory, He alienated Muslims by giving post to family. 656 he was killed.
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He married Muhammad's doughter. During this time there was a five year civil war. Ali's rule was not excepted. The Caliph after bought the position.
