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Napoleon is born in the town of Ajaccio on the island of Corsica in the Mediterranean Sea. this island was tranfere to France, form the republic of genoa.
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napoleon time line-iunes
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Napoleon won a scholarship to study at a military academy in France at Brienne-le-Chateau near the town of Troyes.
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Napoleon gained entrance to the Ecole Militarie in Paris. He was interested in a naval assignment, but he was assigned to the artillery upon graduation.
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Upon graduation from Ecole Militaire, Napoleon is given a commission.
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Napoleon first made his name here as a young Captain of Artillery, by spotting an ideal place for his guns to be set up in such a way that they dominated the city's harbour. The British forces were repelled, and Napoleon was made an artillery commander.
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Bonaparte was serving in Paris when royalists and counter-revolutionaries organized an armed protest against the National Convention on 3 October 1795. Bonaparte was given command of the improvised forces defending the Convention in the Tuileries Palace. Using the "whiff of grapeshot" Napoleon was able to drive the mob away from the National Convention.
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Two days after the marriage, Bonaparte left Paris to take command of the Army of Italy leading it on a successful invasion of Italy. At the battles of Montenotte and Lodi, he defeated Austrian forces, then drove them out of Lombardy and defeated the army of the Papal States.
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Within weeks of driving the royalists from the National Convention with the "whiff of grapeshot", Napoleon was romantically linked to Josphine de Beauharnais, who he married on March 9, 1796.
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In March 1798, Bonaparte proposed a military expedition to seize Egypt, then a province of the Ottoman Empire, seeking to protect French trade interests and undermine Britain's access to India. The Directory, though troubled by the scope and cost of the enterprise, readily agreed so the popular general would be away from the center of power. The land battles were a success, but the British Navy continued to control the seas. Napoleon returns to France.
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The coronation of Napoleon I as Emperor of France was preceded by a vote on the issue of whether or not Napoleon should be appointed "First Consul for Life", which he won. Napoleon put the crown on his own head at his coronation.
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The Battle of Austerlitz, also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, effectively brought to an end on Third Coalition against France. It is one of Napoleon's greatest victories.
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The Battle of Friedland saw the French Army's defeat of Russian forces effectively bringing to an end the Fourth Coalition against France.
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Napoleon's attempted invasion of Russia began on June 15, 1812. Eventually the Russians "scorched earth policy" and the Russian winter took its toll on the Grand Armee. Napoleon left Russia, of the 600,000 troops he had at the beginning of the invasion 500,000 were either killed, captured or deserted along the way.
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The Battle of Borodino fought on September 7, 1812, was the largest and bloodiest single-day action of the Napoleonic Wars, involving more than 250,000 troops and resulting in at least 70,000 total casualties. Napoleon was unable to destroy the Russian forces completely.
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The Battle of the Nations (or Battle of Leipzig) which occurred on October 16-19, 1813 was one of the most decisive defeats suffered by Napoleon Bonaparte.
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On April 6, 1814, Napoleon abdicates in favor of his son, but the Allies of the Sixth Coalition refuse. Napoleon abdicates unconditionally on April 11, and is sent into exile on the island of Elba. The Allies allow him to keep his title of Emperor, and 1,000 men go into exile with him on Elba.
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The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of the major powers of Europe, chaired by the Austrian statesman Clemens Wenzel von Metternich and held in Vienna from November 1, 1814, to June 8, 1815. The Congress of Vienna was an attempt to turn back the clock in Europe, to a time before the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars, to return France to its pre-revolutionary size. The legitimate monarchs of Europe were returned to their thrones, including Louis XVIII to France.
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Napoleon saw an opportunity to escape from Elba when the commander went to visit Italy. Napoleon left Elba by sea and arrived in France on March 1, 1815.
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Napoleon's forces were defeated near the village of Waterloo in Belgium by the British and Prussian forces. It was the first time that Napoleon had met the Duke of Wellington on the field of battle, and Wellington (who had studied Napoleon's techniques) anticipated his every move, and was able to defeat him. The Duke of Wellington is depicted in the painting on the left.
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After his defeat at Waterloo, Napoleon took a few days to formally surrender to the Allies. When he does, he will be sent into exile for the second time.
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