-
Period: to
The War of 1812
-
President Madison Takes Office
*Americans were angry because Britain armed Native Americans
*They were also angry because Britain was impressing their ships
*Madison tried to keepU.S.A. out of war
*Many thought Madison was to and that they should stand up to natives and other foreign countries -
War Hawks Take Power
*War Hawks were willing to go to war to defend American rights
*Henry Clay wanted both revenge and Canada
*War Hawks also wanted Florida from Spain -
Relations With Great Britain Worsen
*Britain continued to impress sailor
*Native Americans continue to attack Americans
*War Hawks,Congressmen seeking war with Britain,felt Britain still treated America like one of their colonies -
Congress Declares War on Britain
*Felix Grundy,a War Hawk,thought winning this war would expand the country
*John Randolph said there would be too much money to pay back after the war
*New England reprenstatives were scared the British Navy would attack their ports
*In June of 1812 President Madison finally asked Congress to declare war -
America is not Ready for War
*President Jefferson had made spending cuts on the military
*The navy had only 16 warships
*The army had less than 7000 soldiers -
Britain Blockades American Ports
*Early in the war the British set up a blockade to cut off trade with other countries
*There weren't many American victories against this blockade -
Invasion of Canada
*war Hawks wanted an invasion of Canada
*American troops were sent
*General Hull didn't think he had enough men and retreated -
USS Constitution Scores a Victory
*Isaac Hull,captain of the Constitution,saw the Guerriere on his to Newfoundland
*After an hour of getting into position,they fired at each other
*The Constitution was unharmed but the Guerriere losts its masts
*The Guerriere then surrendered -
Battle of Lake Erie
*Both sides wanted control of the lake
*The American flagship was damaged
*Oliver Hazard Perry, the American commander,switched to another ship and fought until he won
*British forces retreated into Canada -
Battle of Thames
*British retreated to Canada
*Americans followed them
*Tecumseh,a war chief,died and the confederation split
*Americans win battle -
Horseshoe Bend
*Creeks attack Southern settlements
*Jackson defeats cefeats Creeks at Horseshoe Bend
*Treaty was made
*Creeks gave up millions of acres of land -
Washington,D.C. Attacked and Burned
*Britain's new strategy was to attack Washington,D.C.
*As the British got to the city Dolley Madison,the first lady,took the president's important papers and left the White House
*The British then burned down the White House -
Attack on Baltimore
*The British's first target when they got to Baltimore was Fort McHenry on the cities harbor
*British ships shot all through the night
*francis Scott Key watched as the American flag was still hung through the night -
Writing of The Star Spangled Banner
*Francis Scott key watched the Battle of Baltimore
*When America won,he wrote the Star Spangled Banner on the back of an envolope -
Hartford Convention
*Representatives for New England met in Hartford,Connecticut
*They were mostly Federalists
*Disliked the Republican president and the war
*The convention ended when peace treaty was made -
Treaty of Ghent
*The Treaty of Ghent was signed in Ghent,Belgium
*John Quincy Adams' summary of the treaty wasd,"Nothing was adjusted, nothing was settled"
*Both countries restored pre-war conditions
*some Believed the war was a mistake
*Others thought Britian would give the U.S.A. more respect -
Battle of New Orleans
*General Jackson fought British soldiers at New Orleans,winning the battle
*Later,they learned the war had ended several weeks before
