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John Henry (1776-1853), a reputed British spy, was at the center of the 'Henry-Crillion Affair' which is credited with hastening the U.S. decision to declare war against England in 1812. + France & Britain are at war. Britain & France tried to cut off trade to the other. U.S. claims neutrality, but is ignored. U.S. ships are seized and American sailors are forced to serve in the British Navy (impressment). June 18, 1812 President Madison asks Congress to declare war on Britain due to pressure.
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Location: Detroit, Michigan
Result: Decisive British victory -
Location: Queenston, Ontario
Result: Decisive British victory -
Location: Present day Toronto, Ontario
Result: United States victory -
28 April – 9 May 1813
Location: present-day Perrysburg, Ohio
Result: American victory The battle of Ford Meigs proved to be a crucial pivotal point for USA, as they had already lose many naval battles with Britain, accompanied by losses of many of their ports in the coastal areas. So, for the port Ford Meigs, to prevent it from falling under the hands of the British Empire, they stocked it with defensive power, and put more manpower and machinery to safeguard the sacred place. -
Location: Lake Erie, near Put-in-Bay, Ohio
Result: Decisive American victory -
Location: Chippawa, Upper Canada (present-day Ontario)
Result: American victory -
Location: Baltimore, Maryland
Result: Decisive American victory -
Location: About five miles (8 km) south of New Orleans on the grounds of Chalmette Plantation
Result: Decisive American victory -
signed on 24 December 1814, in Ghent; ratified on 18 February 1815 The treaty released all prisoners and restored all captured lands and ships. Returned to the United States were approximately 10,000,000 acres of territory, near Lakes Superior and Michigan, and in Maine. American-held areas of Upper Canada (present-day Ontario) were returned to British control. The treaty thus made no significant changes to the pre-war boundaries, although the U.S. did gain territory from Spain.
