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Problems begain to form when president Madison took office. To most Americans, the countrys honor was at stake. Britain was still using impressement.
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Henry Clay and John Calhoun were war hawks. They became the leaders of the House of Representatives. They were two strong Nationalists. Nationalists are people with pride in there country.
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The War Hawks wanted war with Britain. Overtimes, relations got worse with Britain. British continued impressing sailors, and the Native Americans were attacking the frontier settlements.
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At first, Britain was still in war with Europe. Britain was not willing to meet American demands, to avoid war. They were also providing Native Americans with support.
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When the war began, America was very cxonfident of winning. But they soon realized that they werent prepared for war. jefferson was speding cuts which weakend there own military.
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The first days, Britain set up blockades. Blockades is when people shut down a port or roads to prevent trade and people from coming in and or out. Britain was able to close off the ports all the way to the end of the war
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The War Hawks wanted to invade Canada. American troops were under General William Hull and invaded Canada. british commander General Isaac Brock, forced the American troops to surrender, capturing over 2,000 soldiers.
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The USS Constitution was a battleship. They had a major victory against a British battleship named Guerriere. American sailors nicknamed the constitution, "Old Ironside".
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In the summer of 1813, Creek Warriors attacked several southern American settlements. Andrew Jackson took command of the American forces in Georgia. In March, they defeated the creek warriors.
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On May 29, during the War of 1812, a British force was transported across Lake Ontario. They attempted to capture a town. Which was a base of the American Naval squadron of the lake, they were repulsed by Americans.
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A key 3-hour battle took place at Put-In-Bay on the western side of the lake. The American flagship was badley damaged. Oliver Hazard Perry switched into another ship and won the battle.
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The British and Native Americans retrieted. The Americans still followed them into Canada. The Americans defeated them, Tecumseh was among those killed on the battle as well.
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There was a partial success for the British Against the Americans at Fort Oswego. The American commander George Mitchell led a long, fierce battle Against three other British commanders. towards the end, the British had won.
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A new British strategy was to attack the capital. On August of 1814, the British marched into the city. The british set fire to many government buildings, including the White House.
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In September, days 6-11, a large battle occured which ended the invasions of the northern states. American commander George Downie attacked shortly after dawn of sept.11, against the British Commanders Thomas Macdonough, and Alexander Macomb. Americans were defeated, ending the 5 day battle.
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After the British burned the capital, they moved on to Baltimore. Throughout the night, they bombarded Fort MkHenry. After the battle, a young American boy realized that the American flag was still standing. That young boys name was Fancis Scott Key, he wrote a poem called The Star Spangled Banner. A story of the nights watch. Congress made it the national song in 1931.
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In December of 1814, a group of federalists met in Hartford, Conneticut, known as the Hartford Convention. some people who were there suggested that the New England states should secede from the United States. Eventually, the peace treaty arrived, quickly ending the group.
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Great britain was sick of war, so they started talking about having peace with America in Ghent, Belgium. by Christmas Eve of 1814, both sides signed the Treaty of Ghent. The war was now officially over.
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The war was now over, but news of the treaty took several weeks to reach the U.S. During that time, Britain and America had one last war. General Andrew Jackson led an amazing last victory for the U.S.
