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The last Visconti ruler of Milan died in 1447. Then, Francesco Sforza conquered the city and became the new duke.
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He led an army of thirty thousand men into Italy in 1494 and occupied the city of Naples in Southern Italy.
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His book is one of the most infuential works on political power in the Western world. Machiavelli's central thesis in The Prince concerns how to acquire - and keep - political power.
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The terrible sack of Rome in 1527 by the armies of the Spanish king Charles I ended the Italian wars and left the Spanish a dominant force in Italy
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