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1429 BCE
Joan of Arc
Then, in 1429, a teenage French peasant girl named Joan of Arc felt moved by God to rescue France from its English conquerors. -
Period: 1412 BCE to 1415 BCE
Jan Hus
He was a professor in Bohemia (now part of the Czech Republic), taught that the authority of the Bible was higher than the pope. His was excommunicated in 1412. in 1414, he was seized by Church leaders, tried as a heretic, and then burned at the stake in 1415. -
Period: 1337 BCE to Jan 23, 1453
Hundred Year's War
France and England were fighting over who should have the throne of France. -
1305 BCE
Popes move to Avignon
In 1305, King Philip IV persuaded the College of Cardinals to choose a French archbishop as the new pope. Clement V, the newly selected pope, moved from Rome to Avignon in France. Popes would live there for the next 69 years. -
1300 BCE
The Black Death arrives
Curing the 1300s an epidemic struck parts of Asia, North Africa, and Europe. Approximately one-third of the population of Europe died of the deadly disease known as the bubonic plague, or Black Death. -
1295 BCE
Parliament formed
On November 1295, knights, burgesses, bishops, and lords met together at Westminster in London. -
1215 BCE
Magna Carta was signed by King John
English nobles forced King John to sign the Magna Carta (Great Charter), which guaranteed certain basic political rights. -
1212 BCE
Founding of Franciscan order for women
In 1212, a women named Clare and her friend Francis of Assisi founded the Franciscan order for women. It was know as Poor Clares. -
1200 BCE
Wandering friars spread Church's ideas
In the early 1200s, wandering friars traveled from place to place preaching and spreading the Church's ideas. -
1200 BCE
Thomas Aquinas' argument
Thomas Aquinas argued that the most basic religious truths could be proved by logical argument about using Aristotle's logical approach to the truth and still keep faith with the Bible. -
Period: 1180 BCE to 1223 BCE
Philip II's reign
Philip II, also called Philip Augustus, was a powerful Capetian king who ruled from 1180 to 1223 -
Period: 1154 BCE to 1189 BCE
Henry II's reign
Henry II ruled England from 1154 to 1189. -
1147 BCE
Founding of the Benedictine convent
In Germany, Hildegard of Bingen, a mystic and a musician, founded the Benedictine convent in 1147. -
1100 BCE
Gothic style comes into churches
In the early 1100s, a new stye of architecture, known as Gothic, evolved throughout medieval Europe, included, sculpture, woodcarvings, and stained glass windows. Nearly 500 churches were built between 1170 and 1270. -
1100 BCE
Muslims needed translators
In the 1100s, Christian scholars from Europe began visiting Muslim libraries in Spain. Few Western scholars knew Greek but most did know Latin. So Jewish scholars living in Spain translated Arabic versions of work by Aristotle and other Greek writers into Latin. -
Period: 1100 BCE to 1200 BCE
The Church was restructured to resemble a kingdom, with the pope at its head
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Period: 1093 BCE to 1192 BCE
Four Crusades- recapturing the Holy Land and Jerusalem from the Muslims
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1000 BCE
Enforcing Church laws against simony and marriage
Pope Leo IX and Pope Gregory VII enforced Church laws against simony and marriage of priests -
Period: 1000 BCE to 1150 BCE
Europe grew in population
Scholars estimate between 1000 to 1150, the population of Europe rose from around 30 million to about 42 million. -
910 BCE
Bishops practice simony in the Church
Simony is the buying or selling of ecclesiastical privileges, for example pardons or benefices. -
800 BCE
Three-field system is created
Farmers rotate their fields, using only 2 fields for planting and the other field for resting/fallow. -
Period: 800 BCE to 1100 BCE
Romanesque style in the churches
Between 800 to 1100, churches were built in the Romanesque style. The churches had round arches and a heavy roof held up by thick walls and pillars. The thick walls had tiny windows that let in little light. -
Period: 500 BCE to 1500 BCE
The Middle Ages
