Middle Ages Europe By Tyson R. 486 Clovis defeats the last Roman army in Western Europe. 529 Benedict of Nursia founds the first Benedictine monastery 732 Charles Martel defeats Muslim invaders in the battle of Tours 792 Vikings make their earliest known raid on Ireland 800 Pope Leo III crowns Charlemagne emperor in Rome 1066 Normans conquer England 1095 Pope Urban II calls for the first crusade on Jerusalem 1119 Pope Gregory IX begins the Inquisition in France 1170 English archbishop Thomas Becket is murdered in Canterbury 1209 The Franciscan Order forms 1215 King John signs the Magna Carta in England 1492 Isabella and Ferdinand conquer Granada