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Pharaoh Khasekhemwy unites both northern and southern Egypt.
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Imhotep publishes medical documents, detailing the diagnosis and cure of 200 diseases.
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Imhotep builds the Step Pyramid at Saqqara.
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Hemon/Hemiunu begins building the Great Pyramid of Giza.
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The Sphinx is built for pharaoh Khafra.
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Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II reunites Egypt, and establishes Thebes as the capital for all Egypt.
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Mentuhotep III innovated new architecture.
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The first obelisks are erected at Heliopolis (Cairo).
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Amenemhet I relocates the capital from Thebes to Itjtawy, south of Memphis.
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Amenemhet builds the Hawara pyramid with its labyrinth.
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Ahmose I created some of the last pyramids.
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Ahmos I defeats the Hyksos, and drives them out; restoring power to Canaan and Nubia.
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The Egyptian Empire reaches its greatest expansion.
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Hatshepsut declares herself as ruler, alongside Thutmose III.
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Amenhotep IV relocates the capital to Amarna, north of Thebes.
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Necho II established the 26th dynasty; he was also a major factor in the histories of the Judah Kingdom, Babylonia, and the Assyrian Empire.
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The Egyptian army is defeated by Nebuchadnezzar II and the Babylonians.
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Cambyses of Persia conquers Egypt at the Battle of Pelusium.
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Amyrtaeus of Sais expelled the Persians, and established the 28th dynasty.
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The Persians reconquer Egypt; leading up to the 31st dynasty.