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Nation State: a type of state that joins the political entity of a state to the cultural entity of a nation.
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A period in time when Muslims and Christians fought for power over holy places including Jerusalem.
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King John was forced to sign the Magna Carta (Great Charter) and it did 2 important things. 1- forced monarchs to obey the laws and 2- gave nobles rights, that were later extended to all free men.
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A war between France and England over the land. France kings wanted more power over France but Edward III of England's mother was a French princess claimed the crown. This started the war.
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A war between Isabella I of Castile and the Nasrid's Dynasty Emirate of Granada. Castile won the war which lead to Spain breaking away from Muslim rule.
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Henry VII won at battle or Bosworth Field and began the Tudor Dynasty