The Age of Napoleon

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    Italian Campaign (Green)

    The Italian Campaign was a series of battles fought between the French and Italy and its allies. As a result of the French victory, portions of Italy fell under the control of Napoleon.
  • Egyptian Campaign (Red)

    Egyptian Campaign (Red)

    Napoleon led an expedition to Egypt to disrupt British trade with India. It was a disaster but Napoleon hide this loss.
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    Consulate (Green)

    Napoleon went from victorious general to political leader, he helped overthrow the weak Directory and set up a three-man governing board known as the Consulate.
  • Banque de France (Green)

    Banque de France (Green)

    Napoleon established this bank to recover the economic recession from the French Revolution. He controlled prices, encouraged new industry, and built new roads and canals.
  • Concordat of 1801 (Yellow)

    Concordat of 1801 (Yellow)

    Agreement between Napoleon and the pope which made the Catholic Church the official church of France, but the powers still belonged to Napoleon.
  • Consul for life (Green)

    Consul for life (Green)

    Napoleon was obsessed with ambition, after another constitution was written, he took the title of "First Consul," he later had enough power to name himself "consul for life."
  • Napoleonic Code (Yellow)

    Napoleonic Code (Yellow)

    Napoleon created this to reshape France’s legal system. It established principles such as equality of all citizens before the law, religious toleration, and the abolition of feudalism. It undid some reforms of the French Revolution mostly for women.
  • Declared self emperor (Green)

    Declared self emperor (Green)

    Napoleon acquired enough power to assume the title Emperor of France. He held a coronation in Paris in which he invited the pope, but Napoleon took the crown out of the pope's hands and crowned himself to show he owed his throne to no one but himself.
  • Battle of Trafalgar (Red)

    Battle of Trafalgar (Red)

    Naval battle between Spain/France and Britain. The French planned to invade England, but Britain's navy overpowered them causing the French/Spanish navy to lose.
  • Abolished Holy Roman Empire (Green)

    Abolished Holy Roman Empire (Green)

    Holy Roman Emperor, Francis II, abdicated. Napoleon finally destroyed the Holy Roman Empire with a military defeat at Austerlitz.
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    Continental System (Red)

    Napoleon established this to destroy Britain's commerce. He waged economic warfare through this system, which closed European ports to British goods, but Britain set up its own blockade of European ports only keeping trade open to the Americas and India.
  • Resistance in Spain (Red)

    Resistance in Spain (Red)

    Napoleon introduced reforms that threatened the Spanish Catholic Church, but the Spanish wanted to stay loyal and resisted the French invasion. The French responded with fighting thus increasing Spanish nationalism. The Spanish used guerilla warfare, outsmarting the French and ambushing their supplies and troops.
  • Invasion of Russia (Red)

    Invasion of Russia (Red)

    Tsar Alexander I of Russia was unhappy with Napoleon's Continental System. Napoleon was angry and assembled the Grand Army to invade Russia, the Russians retreated east, burning villages and crops in their path, this left the French cold and hungry during the harsh winter in Russia. As the French troops entered Moscow, they were running out of supplies and decided to retreat home, many died along the way.
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    Battle of Nations at Leipzig (Red)

    Russia, Britain, Austria, and Prussia formed an alliance, weakening the French Grand Army. This battle was the defeat of Napoleon.
  • Abdication (Yellow)

    Abdication (Yellow)

    Napoleon steps down from power after being defeated at Leipzig, he is exiled to Elba. However, the restoration for a new king did not go smoothly, emigres returned to France as revenge, and there was fear of an economic depression. Napoleon escaped his island and returned to Paris, France in triumph.
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    Hundred Days (Green)

    Also known as, "The War of the Seventh Coalition," this was Napoleon's triumph/return to France after being exiled to the island of Elba. Louis XVIII fled.
  • Waterloo (Red)

    Waterloo (Red)

    Napoleon's Defeat:
    British/Prussian armies crushed the French troops in a one-day battle at Waterloo. Napoleon was forced to abdicate and exile at St. Helena, this time he did not return.