The 13th century By lduke127 Jan 1, 1204 the fourth crusade was when western europe invaded the Christian (Eastern Orthodox) city of Constantinople, capital of the Eastern Roman Empire Jan 1, 1209 cambridge university is founded Jan 1, 1216 Henry III becomes king of England at age nine Feb 22, 1224 France declares war on England Jan 1, 1264 Simon de Montfort and other English barons defeat Henry III at battle of Lewes Jun 17, 1272 edward the first becomes king Sep 30, 1294 Wales rebel the English and lose Feb 22, 1295 Scotland France sign a mutual defense treaties