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Period: 1100 to 1300
Technologies went into Europe
Three of the most important Chinese technologies, the compass, printing and gunpowder went in and impacted Europe greatly. Compass were introduced by Arabs. Printing, gunpowder and cannon appeared in Italy in the fourteenth century most likely by "Tatar slaves", Lamar Buddhists from China and the Genoese purchased in the Black sea markets and delivered to Italy. -
1200
"Admitted to citizenship"
After Genoese earned the special privileges of the trade in the Black Sea, they admitted any kinds of people and any kinds of background. The policy made a huge impact on the southernization and after 1200 Mediterranean islands became the most important exporters. At the same time, Indian mathematics went into Northern Europe and Western Europe between 1200 and 1300. -
Period: 1300 to 1350
Rise of Northern Europe
Europe couldn't be fully southernized because of the geography of Europe so they couldn't plant spices, salts and so on. Until Europe gained the tropical or subtropical lands, Europe began to be one of the producers of sugar, cotton, cinnamon, pepper and so on. Without the gaining of the subtropical or tropical land, European countries couldn't fully be southernized. And after become fully southernized, Europe began its rise after thirteenth century. -
Period: 1350 to 1400
The spread of Islam
Due to the disintegration of Mongols, other small powers had their chances to grow. Turkic/ Turko-Mongolian powers of Muslim faith, in this time period, grew rampantly. This made people in Southeast Asia, Africa and from the Malay peninsula to the southern Philippines become Muslims. -
1453
The battle of Constantinople
In 1453, Ottomans (Turkey) from middleeast successfully conquered Constantinople in Europe, which hugely spreaded from Ottomans Empire to east Europe. This also indirectly impacted the expansion of Iberian because they sought themselves as the defenders of Christendom. -
Period: 1460 to
African Gold!!
Portuguese tried to find a new oceanic route to continue get the African gold in order to weaken Ottomans and Islam because Ottoman Empire was too strong. It was very hard because the wind on the routes always blows in the same direction, so the success of Portuguese was crucial to the European because they could directly trade in Southern Ocean trade and it made Columbus's voyages possible. -
Period: 1460 to
New source of gold and the move of the sugarcane
Portuguese move the sugarcane to Madeira, Atlantic and they found the new source of gold, which enabled them to continue to trade with Asians in order to be "southernized".
