South Asia timeline

  • India wins independence

    India wins independence from Britain after being divided into two separate nations, India and Pakistan
  • India/Pakistan war

    India and Pakistan go to war in the disputed Himalayan region of Kashmir
  • Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated

    Mahatma Gandhi, leader of the independence movement, is assassinated
  • India becomes a republic

    India becomes a republic as its constitution comes into effect
  • First elections

    India holds its first general elections
  • India/China war

    India and China fight a brief border war
  • Jawaharal dies

    Jawaharal Nehru dies after five-month illness
  • India/Pakistan war

    India and Pakistan fight war over Kashmir, which ends after a U.N. call for a ceasefire
  • Indira Gandhi becomes prime minister

    Nehru's daughter, Indira Gandhi, becomes prime minister
  • India/Pakistan war

    India and Pakistan fight another war over east Pakistan which ends when 90,000 Pakistani troops surrender and leads to the creation of Bangladesh
  • India nuclear test

    India conducts underground nuclear tests
  • India's state of emergency

    Indira Gandhi declares a state of emergency, in which the press is censored and 100,000 people are jailed
  • New power

    First non-Congress party government sweeps to power following Indira Gandhi's defeat in general elections
  • New prime minister

    Indira Gandhi wins back power, becomes prime minister
  • Indira Gandhi is assassinated

    Indira Gandhi is assassinated by Sikh bodyguard's, her son Rajiv takes over as prime minister
  • Gas leak causes 6,500 deaths

    A deadly gas leaks from a pesticide plant owned by the U.S.-based union Carbide Corp. in central city of Bhopal, killing about 6,500 people in the world's worst industrial disaster
  • A uprising

    An uprising against Indian rule erupts in the Kashmir Valley, inflaming tensions with Pakistan
  • Rajiv gets assassinated

    Former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi is assassinated by a Tamil suicide bomber during and election campaign
  • Congress wins general elections

    Congress party wins general elections and government launches sweeping economic reforms and dismantles decades of socialist control
  • Ancient artifact gets tore down

    Hindu Zealots tear down a 16th century mosque in the northern town of Ajodhya, sparking nationwide riots in which about 3,000 people, mostly Muslims, are killed
  • India gets hit with a series of unexpected bombs

    A series of bomb blasts, planted by the Muslim underworld, hit the country's commercial capital of Bombay, killing 257 people
  • India strikes back

    India launches offensive against Pakistan-backed infiltrators around Kargil in Indian Kashmir
  • Train on fire

    Fire on train kills 59 Hindu activists in western state of Gujarat. About 2,500 people, mostly Muslims, are killed in retaliatory riots
  • Pakistan announces ceasfire

    Pakistan announces ceasefire on Kashmir and India reciprocates