-
-Divided into the Paleolithic(old stone age), Mesolithic(middle stone age), and Neolithic(new stone age)
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-Hunter gatherers began to settle down into villages
-They began to farm and domesticate animals -
-8000-30 BCE
-Hippocrates, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
-Athens vs Sparta
-Alexander the Great -
-7,500-5,700 BCE
-
-7,200-4,000 BCE
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-Pakistan, China, New Guinea, Catalhouyek, Turkey
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-Land between the rivers
-Settled around 4,500 BCE -
-4,500-1,900 BCE
-
-4,000-1,750 BCE
-This area becomes fertile when the rivers flood and make the soil good for planting -
-3,100- 30 BCE
-Lasted 4000 years
-Khufu(4,600 years ago)-Built the Great Pyramid
-Hatshepsut(1508-1458 BCE)- Longest reigning queen, reigned for more than 20 years
-Akhenaten(1352-1336 BCE)-Father of King Tut
-Tutankhamun(1332-1323 BCE)
-Nefertiti(1353-1336 BCE)
-Hyksos Expulsion( 1650 BCE)
-Cleopatra VII was the last pharaoh of ancient Egypt -
-Part of the Indus River Valley
-the city flourished in 2,600-1,900 BCE -
-2,300-539 BCE
-Hammurabi became King of Babylon in 1792 BCE and defeated all of the Sumerian city states -
-established in 2000 BCE
-art, architecture, and mathematical and astronomical systems
-reached highest state of development around 250 CE-900 CE -
-1600-1450 BCE
-Mycinians attack the city of Troy with the Trojan Horse -
-1100-750 BCE
-
-770-476 BCE
-
-550-334 BCE
-Cyrus the Great of Persia defeated the Babylonians in 539 BCE -
-500 BCE-1000 CE
-mounds were built in North America
-they served as burial mounds, temple mounds, or platforms for religious structures -
-Mayan city in Southern Mexico
-226 BCE-799 CE -
-Aztec city near modern day Mexico City
-100 BCE-1521 CE -
-455 CE-1492 CE
-only happened in Europe
-almost a complete loss of education
-no building
-no progress
-the plague helped end it -
-Visgoths invaded Rome and sacked the city in 410 CE
-Vandals invaded Rome and sacked the city in 455 CE
-Rome had been declining for 150 years -
-southwest Colorado
-ancestral Pueblo people
-550 CE-1200 CE
-the built villages of stone under overhanging cliffs -
-born in Mecca in 570 CE
-he was the prophet of Islam
-in 630 CE, he and his followers seized the city of Mecca and made it the shrine of Islam
-he died in 632 CE -
-Moors in France
-
-793-1066 CE
-wanted to find money and land
-first invaded Britain in 793 CE and last invaded in 1066 CE -
-first emperor to rule Western Europe since the fall of the Western Roman Empire
-the height of his power in 800 CE
-called the "Father of Europe"
-he died in 814 CE -
-came to the Pacific Coast of Costa Rica
-about 950 CE -
-1095-1270 CE
-Pope wanted to take the Holy Land back from the Empire of Islam -
-Peru
-1100-1470 CE -
-were wanderers
-migrated from south to central Mexico
-settled in central Mexico
-founded capital city in about 1325 CE
-by 1426 CE they achieved supremacy in the area -
-the Incas founded their capital city of Cuzco in 1300 CE
-ruled over most of Peru and parts of Chile, Ecuador, Bolivia and northwest Argentina
-empire continued until about 1520 -
-1346-1353 CE
-10 years to cross Asia
-in 1349 it crosses Europe
-kills over 50 million people in Asia and Europe in 14 years -
-means "rebirth"
-de Medici family(produced 4 Popes of the Catholic church, discovered artists and geniuses)
-began in Florence
-rise of the arts(architecture, performing arts, and visual arts)
-rise of learning
-rise of capitalism
-increase in trade and commerce -
-
-spurred exploration
-
-1500s
-Spain, Portugal, France, and England sent explorers to the New World
-exchange of food, plants, animals, and illnesses -
-Martin Luther posted his list of 95 complaints about the activities of the Catholic Church
-
-first and oldest permanent settlement in the New World
-
-117 soldiers and noblemen
-wanted to find gold
-they took 2 of their native guides back to England -
-"bad luck voyage"
-brought the 2 native guides back
-again it was mainly soldiers wanting to find gold
-in 1856 they abandoned the colony -
-families started to come
-showed up too late to plant crops
-John White went back to England to get supplies but England was at war so the ship was detained for 3 years
-when John White returned to Roanoke in 1590 the colony was abandoned -
-created in 1607
-abandoned by the colonists in 1610 -
-first documented slaves were in Jamestown, Virginia
-in 1619
-they were indentured servants for 7-14 years and then they would get freed
-people started "owning" slaves in the 1650s -
-founded in 1621
-Puritan Separatists
-merged with the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1691 -
-founded by William Penn
-
-witch trials between Feb 1692 and May 1693
-
-Carolina splits into North Carolina and South Carolina
-
-the American part of the Seven Years War that was going on in Europe
-the war began in 1754 and ended in 1763 when the colonies became all British -
-began the Revolution
-
-dumped the tea into Boston harbor because they were mad about the taxation
-
-meeting of delegates from the colonies
-
-selected George Washington as the commander of the colonial army
-
-battles of Lexington and Concord began the war on April 19,1775
-
-George Washington's armies first battle
-British lost more than 40% of their force -
-Washington victory
-
-in Pennsylvania
-1777-1778 -
-The British were surrounded and then surrendered
-
-passed by The Continental Congress in 1781
-
-signed in 1787
-became law in 18788
-three branches(executive, legislative, and judicial) that all work together -
-invented by Eli Whitney
-helped remove seeds from cotton -
-large territory bought from France
-
-1804-1806
-Lewis, Clark, 21 soldiers, 18 rivermen, an interpreter, Clark's slave, and a dog =43 men total
-reached the Pacific Ocean in November 1805 -
-James Madison was the president
-United States declared war on the British
-White House was burned
-Star Spangled Banner was written
-Treaty of Ghent ended the war on December 24, 1814 -
-Missouri wanted to join the Union
-it upset the balance of free states and slave states -
-signed by Andrew Jackson
-moved then to "Indian Territory" in present day Oklahoma
-1830-1839 -
-the Choctaw were removed from their land
-winter of 1831 -
-Creeks were forced of their land
-3,500 of the 15,000 Creeks didn't survive the trip -
-1845-1855
-California
-about 300,000 people rushed to California
-very few got rich -
-every state decides if they are going to be free or slave
-called it popular soverignty -
-Harpers Ferry, Virginia
-John Brown wanted to start a slave revolt but was hung -
-a catalyst for the start of the Civil War
-
-1861-1865
-650,000 died
-slaves were freed -
-the event that triggered the war
-
-first battle of the war
-southern victory -
-who gets to own land in the west
-how to get land in the west
-many immigrants from Europe came to get their own land -
-13,000 Union troops died
-11,000 Confederate troops died -
-tried to starve out the Union Army but Grant arrived and sent in supplies
-Sept-Nov 1863 -
-Vicksburg surrendered
-Lee tried to attack North at Gettysburg
-big win for the North -
-began in March of 1864
-a chain of battles
-organized by Sherman
-Battle for Atlanta was a big battle on Sept 1, 1864 -
-April 7-Lee's troops were surrounded by Grant's troops and Lee surrendered
-April 9-they met at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia and Lee officially surrendered -
-1865-1877
-Lincoln died and Andrew Johnson became president
-"black codes" were introduced -
-resistance collapsed and the war ended
-
-gave former slaves rights
-
-legal racial segregation
-"separate but equal"