-
-
The Franl leader was Clovis brought Christianity to his people.In the losing of the battle Clovis turned to the Christian God for help. The battle shifted and the Franks ended up winning. Than this year the Franks were united into one kingdom and it was during the modern day France.
-
The religious communities bulit and were maintained by monks. The importance of education is a major focus and helpes to keep learning and education alive during the Middle Ages. Saint Benedict (the monk) wrote a book describing the rules of life in he monasteries. The monks and monasteries gave up eathy goods and desires to get closer with their religion and their spiritual relationship with God.
-
The small Germanic Kingdoms replace Roman provinces. The family ties and personal loyalty rather than citizenship and written law became the focus.Small communities governed by unwritten rules and traditions.
-
Charles the Hammer extended the Frankish kingdom and he also spreaded Catholicism.He stopped Muslims invasion to Spain and battle of tours and significance for the Christian Europeans.
-
Pepin the Short is the son of Charles the Hammer. Fought the Lombards who were invading Italy and threatening Rome. In exchange, the Pope anointed Pepin ''King by grace of God", They began the reign of Frankish rules.
-
-
The reason for the downfall of Charlemagne's Empire was because he was not a strong rule. Louis left the empire to all three of this sons---who fought and eventually split the land. Without central authory or stong leadrship the empire had weakend.
-
The Great Schism was divided into the Eastern and the Western Christian Churches. After Pope Gregory XI died, an Italian Pope was the next Pope. The French didn't like him.
-
The Battle of Hastings took place in the year AD 1066. The battle changed the English law, language and culture, and laid the groundwork to begin the English feudal system.
-
Lay Investiture is a ceremony in which kings and noblesappointed church officials. Whoever controlled lay investiture wielded the real power in naming the bishops. In 1075, Pope Gregory VII banned lay investiture.
-
Younger sons of nobles joined the crusade to gain new lands and to get money.
-
The Crusades was a series of Holy Wars that was launched by the Christian states of Europe. The cause of the Crusades was that the war between the Christians and Moslems which had centered around the city Jerusalem.
-
Vernacular means a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a cultured, foreign language, and literary.
-
Fredrick and his army went against Lombard League. Fredrick made the Pope and the merchants angry so they jioned together and became Lombard League. Fredrick and Lombard League fought at the Battle of Legnano.
-
Magna Carta was signed by an English King, named King John. King John was forced to sign Magna Carta because he had all the power as king and it allowed him a powerful parliament. Magna Carta was written by Archbishop Stephen Langton and the Barons of England.
-
The purpose for the crusades was for them to recover Jerusalem and the Holy Lands from Islamic Empire.
-
The parliament is where politicians meet to make decisions about the law and make choses for the United Kingdom. The jobs of a parliament is to pass laws, to provide, voting for taxtation, and to carrying on the government work. The parliament is made up of three part. The first one is the Queen, the second one is the House of Lords, and the last one is the House of Commons.
-
Excommunication is a harsh punishment used by the Church to enforce its will on people by cutting them from the church.
-
The Hundred Year War started with England and France being against eachother. The Hundred Year War lasted for 116 years. All the battles of the Hundred Year War was fought in France. The Hundred Year War was fought between England, France, and Burgundy.
-
The Black Death was a disease that was caused by black rats. When a person got infected with the Black Death disease they would start to get this red ring on any part of their body. Afterwards, they would start to smell really bad so they would carry around a flower or just put a flower on them to smell clean. 1/3 of Europe's populations died because of the Bubonic Plague (Black Death). Jews became the reason for this Bubonic Plague.
-
Joan of Arc was a girl that lived in a part of France. Then one day she heard the voice of an angel that was sent from God. She said that the angels told her that she couldn't continue on what she was doing
-
The pope crowned Charlemagne in 800, the church sought to influenced both political matters and spiritual. Charlemagne was crowned emperor of the Roman emperor.
-
Charlemagne limited the authority of the nobles. He sent out the royal agents to make sure the nobles were governing their countries justly. He regulary visited every part of his kingdom. He encourged learning= monasteries opened up schools and expanded their libraries.
