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1300
Start of the Renaissance
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1439
Movable printing press
Gutenberg invented the movable printing press, allowing for easier printing of multi-page works. -
1455
Bible is printed
Gutenberg printed the bible for the first time with the movable printing press -
1492
Christopher Columbus lands in Caribbean
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1497
Spread of the Renaissance to Northern Europe
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1497
Portugal claims Brazil
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1497
Vasco da Gama sails to India and back
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1498
The Last Supper
Da Vinci painted the Last Supper -
1502
Amerigo Vespucci returns from exploration
After returning, a map maker named the Americas after Amerigo -
1503
Mona Lisa
Da Vinci painted the Mona Lisa -
1504
Statue of David
Michelangelo created the statue of David -
1509
Praise of Folly
Erasmus wrote the Praise of Folly criticizing monks, theologians, etc. -
1512
Painting of Sistine Chapel ceiling
Michelangelo painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel -
1517
95 Theses
Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the church door, stating everything he thought was wrong with the church. -
1519
Hernan Cortez sailed to the Yucatan peninsula
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Period: 1519 to 1522
Magellan Circumnavigated the world
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1521
Edict of Worms
Martin Luther was banned from spreading his ideals. -
1522
Bible translated to German
Luther translates the bible to German to help spread ideals -
1528
The Book of Courtier
Castiglione published The Book of Courtier -
1532
The Prince
Machiavelli published The Prince -
1533
King Henry VIII and Catherine divorced
King Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon are divorced -
1533
Henry VIII is excommunicated
The Pope excommunicates Henry VIII -
1534
Jesuits
St. Ignatius De Loyola founds the Jesuits. -
1534
King Henry VIII head of Anglican Church
After being excommunicated by the Pope from the Catholic church, Henry VIII decides to start his own church where he, the king, is head. He calls it the Anglican Church. -
1534
Jacques Cartier sailed to Canada
He found what is now known as Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island. He also discovered the St. Lawrence River -
1536
Institutes of the Christian Religion
John Calvin published Institutes of the Christian Religion -
1542
Jesuits take control of inquisitions
The Jesuits gain control of both Spanish and Italian inquisitions -
1543
Heliocentric model
Nicolaus Copernicus published the heliocentric model, where the sun was the center of the universe -
1545
Council of Trent
Pope Paul III calls the Council of Trent to meet for the first time -
1558
Anglican church becomes church of State
Queen Elizabeth I makes the Anglican church the church of State -
Period: 1577 to 1580
Francis Drake Circumnavigates the World
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Julius Caesar
Shakespeare wrote the play Julius Caesar -
Don Quixote
Miguel de Cervantes wrote Don Quixote which was a new kind of literature called a novel. -
Hamlet
Shakespeare wrote the play Hamlet -
Laws of Planetary Motion
Johannes Kepler published the three laws of planetary motion, explaining how the planets moved. -
New telescope
Galileo discovered a new and better telescope. -
Period: to
30 Years War
The spread of Lutheranism caused the war to begin. -
De Moto Cordis
William Harvey published De Moto Cordis, or the Anatomical Studies on the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals. He focused his research mostly on the circulatory system. -
Parliament passed laws to limit royal power
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Charles I fled London
After Charles I fled, he raised an army in North England to fight the Puritans and Parliament -
Period: to
Cavaliers vs Puritans
Charles I's army, called the cavaliers, fought the Puritan supporters of Parliament -
Cromwell joins the Puritans
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Puritans held the king prisoner
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Charles I's trial
Cromwell and his Puritan followers brought Charles to trial for treason against Parliament where he was found guilty and killed -
Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan where he explained that he thought people were inherently bad. He also mentioned that the government should have the power of a Leviathan. -
James II becomes king
Charles II died, leaving James II to become king -
Laws of gravity and motion
Isaac Newton published his work Principia which explained the laws of gravity and motion. -
James II's son
James II and his wife had a son which terrified the Protestants with the prospect of a line of Catholic kings -
William and Mary
Parliament invited Mary, James' oldest daughter, and her husband to overthrow James. William, Mary's husband, led his army to London and James fled soon after. -
Bill of Rights
Parliament drafted a Bill of Rights, listing the things a ruled could not do which guaranteed some rights to the people -
Two Treatises on Government
John Locke published Two Treatises on Government where he stated that man has the rights to life, liberty and property which was a crucial thing for the founding of the US. -
St. Petersburg is Russian capital
Peter the Great changed Russia's capital to St. Petersburg which was then deemed "window to Russia" -
Spirit of Laws
Baron de Montesquieu published Spirit of Laws which explained his belief in a system of split powers and he liked England's government setup the best. -
Candide
Voltaire published Candide in which he wrote against intolerance, prejudice, and superstition. -
Social Contract
Jean Jacques Rousseau published the Social Contract where he stated that man is born free, but he's in chains everywhere. He believed that you had to give up some freedoms to be apart of society. -
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette married
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Tennis Court Oath
The Tennis Court Oath is taken by the Third Estate when they are told they can't have a fair amount of say in the decisions being made between the three Estates. -
Storming of the Bastille
The revolution starts when the Bastille is stormed -
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
The National Assembly issued the Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen -
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette attempt to flee Paris
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Radicals take over the government
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Period: to
Reign of Terror
Robespierre starts the Reign of Terror, and it ends when he is overthrown. -
Coup d’état
Napoleon's supporters took control of the weak French government in a coup d’état -
Napoleon's coronation
During Napoleon's coronation, he crowned himself, taking it from the Pope. -
Waterloo
Napoleon's last battle was at Waterloo, after being banished for the first time and coming back. After he was defeated due to his military tactics being out of date, he was banished once again to a small island. -
Liberty Leading the People
Eugene Delacroix was a French romantic artist who painted Liberty Leading the People
