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In the year of 753 B.C on Apirl 21 this is when the lengdary rome would find it roots. Legends tell of two brothers founding Rome there names being romulus and his twin brother Remus. Them also being the sons of Reha Silva whos father being the mithical King numtior of Alba longa .
but historians like to think that in all realty it was made up of the latian villiges. -
Before 600 B.C. the Etruscan forces came in and conquered the city of Rome. With the Etruscans came their king and his ideas the first being Tarquinius Priscus who would come to be known as the man who founded the church of Jupiter. after him, Servius Tullius would become the next king with him being known for him making a treaty with the Latin cities
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The roman republic started with the overthought of the Roman kingdom. once this was over and Rome was left without a leader. The elites came together and made what is known and commonly used as democracy. this is when the power is placed into the people for who they wanted to represent them. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit
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This was a political war that lasted 494-287 between the two because of the conflict and orders. The plebians since they made up most of the military force they went on strike. so what patricians did to stop this was they decided to make the
The plebian council would consist of elected officials that the patricians would recognize. if you want to know more go here https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
The Twelve Tablets were made for Romans to have a pure understanding and permanent way to remember the laws and to enforce and not twist them. Each table has a law that the roams had made with the first being. Procedure for courts and trials. The second is further enactments on trials. the third execution of judgments. Fourth right of family heads . the fifth Legal https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
The Pyrrhic War was a war between Rome and the Greeks. The Greeks were led by led by Pyrrhic. The reason why they were fighting was because they both wanted the southern part of Italy and it was a series of battles. In the end, the Greeks won but by such a loss they did not have enough men in the time to could secure the land in time, and in doing so they lost the land to Rome and this is where we get the expression of a pyrrhic victory.
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This war was the first of three wars between Rome and Carthage. This war was because they both wanted control over the islands of Corsica because of its placement and how it could be used for strategy and possible trade at the end of all the battles because of Rome's navy they were able to overwhelm Carthage and have the Romans win. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit
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the second punic war was the second out of the three wars between Rome and Carthage. The main reason why they fought was because of their land and the islands they both wanted and that Rome had. After many battles and in the end, Rome won once again. if you would like to know more in-depth go to this video/link. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit
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The third and final war between Rome and Carthage. This was the only war of the three to be fully fought on Carthage soil. the reason that this war was being waged was that Carthage violated its treaty with Rome the part that it violated was waging war without Rome's permission another was because of past hate towards Rome. After many battles, Rome won with a six-day siege and destroyed the city, and sold everyone into slavery. for more info go here https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_Punic_War
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sulla was an intelligent man who would later become part of the Roman military. He was under the rank of general which and after winning the war against Jugurtha and the civil war in Rome, sulla was able to because the dictator because he had the entire army behind him because he was the general. but he then later gave it up because he wanted to make sure no one else could have the power he did. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
The first triumvirate was a political alliance between Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey. The reason why they did this was so they could all gain power within the government. This alliance lasted seven years. the reason why it ended is because that one of the members that being Crassus because he lost his battle in Parthia and then was killed. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
With Caesar being in the first triumvirate he had gained a lot of power and this was also good because he was a mastermind when it came to war strategies. Ceaser was able to take over many parts of Europe (which is Gaul at this time) in his conquest of the name of Rome. with this when all was said and done he went back to Rome and became dictator. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
Caesar plays a crucial part in Rome's downfall because of how he used it. When Caesar became dictator of Rome and had complete control over the military after the gallic wars they made a bridge across the Rhine River where the military advanced stopped and when the senate told him to step down from his position he defied them and kept going this would lead into another civil war which he would end up winning. if you want to know more go here.
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With Caesar coming into the ultimate power many people apart of the senate wanted him dead because they had lost a lot of their power. Then on the day of May 14 44 bce Caesar would be fatally stabbed by a group of 60 men. This would also ultimately end the roman republic but then give rise to the Roman Empire. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
After the assassination of Caesar, his cousin Augustus would then take over as the new emperor of the Roman Empire. With the death of Ceaser also came the death of the roman republic. Augustus helped start the empire Augustus made A love-based alliance with Egypt. When Augustus was in power he doubled the size of the roman empire and improved the police and postal services. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
After the cruel and insane emperor Caligula up next would be the intelligent Claudius. Claudius was a well-known scholar who was very admired by his people. During his reign, he was able to conquer Brittan. his 13-year time on the throne was short-lived because of his wife who would poison him and then later die. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
After the death of Claudius, the next Roman emperor would be the insane Nero. Nero was all but a good emperor he was known for being cruel and most likely insane with him killing hundreds of Christians. He was also blamed for a fire that destroyed most of Rome in 64 Ce after that and basically bankrupting Rome he would then go on and kill himself after he was enticed to death because of treason. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
This revolt was about how Roman soldiers were stationed in Judea this revolt lasted four years. in the year of 70 CE the ruler of Rome at the time, Emporer Titus led a brutal attack on the Jewish population and destroyed the holy city of Jursulm. By the time the Romans had stopped all that was left was the wall of the second temple built in 515 B.C.E.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
There was a very short Roman dynasty called the Flavian Emperors. This dynasty consisted of the father Vespasian and his two sons Titus and Domitian. they ruled Rome during the decimation of the holy city of Jerusalem in 70 C.E. and the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 C.E. They also ruled at the time of fire devastation of Rome and a plague.
if you want to know more go to these videos. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
Trajan Regin would be 19 years long and with this, he was able to do many important things in the roman empire. One of the things that Trajan would come to be known for is his tolerance of Christians. another thing would be how he would give money and grain to the poor and lift some of the taxes. something that was crucial to this time would be how they gained more land in what would be modern-day Romania which was called Dacia at the time. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Trajan -
After the reign of Trajan, the next in line was Hadrian. some of the important things that he did were to make every law the same thought Rome province. another great thing about him was he consistently had an eye on this country and made sure that everything was peaceful and the army was good. he also had the Parthenon rebuilt after it was destroyed in a fire. Hadrian time on the throne lasted 21 years specifically from 117 c.e. to 138 c.e. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian -
After the reign of Anoutsius Pius next in line f the throne would be Marcus Aurelius. He would control Rome for 19 years starting in 161 and ending in 180 C.E. Something that he was known for was his views on philosophy and stoicism. He was the emperor that would go on and defeat the Germanic tribes o the Danube River. When Marcus died so did the paxa roma with then his son becoming emperor. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit -
A major political device came after the death of the emperor Marcus in 180 C.E. With this the golden age of the paxa roma ended. For the next 100 years, the political and economic problems troubled Rome with constant political violence. During the time there was a very unconstraint transfer of power with some emperors getting it right and some generals with the help of their men killing the emperor and taking it and then the same would happen to those generals just after a few months or years. -
In the year 378, the Roman army tried to retreat from the Visigoths at the Battle of Adriaople with the end result being a crippling defeat with this loss the Roman power was slowly but surely fading. Also another defeat in the year 410
with the Roman forces not being able to defend Rome from the advances of the Visgoth General. Also with the Germanic tribes taking over some parts of Gaul north Africa and Spain slowly closing in on the roman empire. -
With all of the battles happing and the leadership being in an unstable position also came with the economy was just a mess. Taxation at this time was through the roof also the reliance on slave labor discouraged many Romans to stop chasing new ideas and making new inventions to since. With wealth disappearing from the empire, many farmers gave up and left their land because of that and climate change, and the population dwindled because of the constant war happing. -
Although the roman empire had ended because of all of my past examples "Rome" itself did not disappear from the map entirely it was around for a good 1,000 years just a lot smaller and not what it was before. With this came also a new name called the Byzantine Empire although they still lived on Roman laws. after a long time, German culture started to take over the past Roman and its culture slowly faded away. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1C2fCIJknO222FqF_O8gA2eAzrTRviH_2SjYJg7ORlhM/edit