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Vermont was the first state to abolish slavery. Once all the states abolished slavery in the North they weren't dependent on slavery so they didn't need it. Hence it was much easier for the to believe that slavery should not be expanded.
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Just as slavery was dying down due to the profit, the cotton gin was invented. Harvesting cotton was a tiring process and the effort vs the money was begging not to be worth it. But, the cotton gin made the production of cotton much more easier. Hence, came the cotton boom. This invention by Eli Witney lead to slavery expanding West.
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The underground railroad was a system run by abolishinist that helped slaves secretly travel to Canada.
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Over much debate over the annexation of Texas, it was annexed in 1845. This attributed to the Road to the Civil War because it was an area of land that slavery could be expanded onto. This caused much debate
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A group of Free-Soilers, northern democrats and antislavery Whigs gathered together to make the Republcian party in Michigan.
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The first election in which Republicans participated. It came down to John C. Férmont vs. James Buchanan. Buchanan ended up winning .