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Period: Oct 19, 1300 to
Renaisance
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Sep 18, 1309
Avignon Papacy (religion)
Between 1309 and 1376, the Christian world was thrown into chaos. During this time there were multiple people that declaired themselves to be the Pope causing much confusion. People didn't know which Pope to listen to and caused many to lose faith in the church. -
Sep 14, 1340
Bubonic Plague (social)
Killing a third of Europe's population, the Bubonic Plague was a major factor in Europe's future. When the plague first broke out, people went to churches to be healed and prayed for relief from the terrible illness. However, when the church could do nothing and their prayers were left unanswered, Christians questioned the long thought powerful church and their reliance on it. -
Oct 18, 1439
The Printing Press (technology)
In 1439 a German printer, Johannes Gutenberg, introduced printing to Europe. With his new invention it was possible to mass produce books easier. The Bible, being the first book mass produced made it easier to spread the word of God all over Europe. -
Oct 31, 1517
Posting of the 95 Theses (religious)
In 1517, a German monk named, Martin Luther, took a stand against the Catholic chuch. Motivated by his morals and beliefs Luther wrote 95 theses which point out the things that the church was doing that he didn't agree with. When he posted his theses, it caused a massive ripple effect and the Catholic church became divided. While there were those who stayed loyal to the chuch, others took this oportunity to rethink their religious beliefs. Many followed Luther and became Lutherans, while others -
Feb 27, 1531
League of Schmalkald Formed (religious)
Originaly created for religious purposes, the League of Schmalkald was created by Protestant princes from Germany and the prince of France. The League was designed to be a union of Protestantism and, in the future, the replacement for Charles V's Holy Roman Empire. -
Sep 25, 1555
Peace of Augsburg (religious)
Ending a long conflict between Lutheran lands and the Holy Roman Empire, the Peace of Augsburg was signed. In this treaty was formed the rights for Lutheranist States. Although each state got to choose between Lutheranism and Christianity, there was no individual freedom of religion or rights for other religions. -
Oct 19, 1562
French Civil War (religious)
In 1562 France was thrown into termoil when there was no heir for the throne. France divided in half, in the north the Guise family led the Catholics and in the south the Bourbon family led the Calvinists, or Huguenots. Both sides claimed that they were the rightful inheritors of the throne. After 36 years of fighting, the Huguenots finally won and put Henri of Navar on the throne. Although the Huguenots won and ended the Valois dynasty and defeated their Christian enamies, Henri of Navar, the n -
Bohemian Phase (religious)
Shortly after Ferdinand II inherited Bohemia, he felt he had to eliminate any Protestants in his new territory. In May, however, the Protestants counteracted and began the Defenestration of Prague, where by Christians were thrown out of a third story window of a castle. -
Period: to
Thirty Years' War
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Peace of Westphalia (political)
In 1648 the Thirty Years's War was brought to an end with the Peace of Westphalia. In this treaty were political revisions that would change Europe's territories. Some of the provisions in cluded the German Princes being freed from the control of the Holy Roman Emporer, Sweden rcieved lands in north Germany and the Baltic, and Switzerland gained its independence from the Holy Roman Empire.
